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Multilocus enzymes in man.

H Harris

    Ciba Foundation Symposium
    |June 27, 1979
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Multilocus enzymes, where multiple genes code for similar enzymes, are common, potentially affecting over 50% of enzyme-coding genes. Their tissue-specific expression suggests evolving genetic regulation alongside gene duplication.

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    Area of Science:

    • Biochemistry
    • Molecular Biology
    • Evolutionary Genetics

    Background:

    • Enzyme proteins with identical catalytic properties can originate from distinct genetic loci.
    • This phenomenon, known as multilocus enzymes, is widespread, with estimates suggesting over 50% of structural loci are involved.
    • Enzymes within a multilocus set share similarities in catalytic function, subunit structure, and molecular size.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the prevalence and evolutionary origins of multilocus enzymes.
    • To explore the relationship between gene duplication, structural gene divergence, and tissue-specific gene expression.
    • To understand the role of regulatory systems in the evolution of tissue-specific enzyme expression.

    Main Methods:

    • Comparative analysis of enzyme properties, subunit structures, and molecular sizes across different loci.

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  • Examination of tissue-specific expression patterns for enzymes encoded by separate loci within a set.
  • Inference of evolutionary pathways involving gene duplication and point mutations.

    • Main Results:

    • Multilocus enzymes are common, with enzymes in a set exhibiting similar biochemical and structural characteristics.
    • Significant variations in the expression levels of different loci within a set are observed across various tissues.
    • Evidence suggests that gene duplication events followed by point mutations led to the evolution of these enzyme sets.

    Conclusions:

    • The evolution of multilocus enzymes likely involves gene duplication and subsequent divergence.
    • Tissue-specific expression patterns indicate a parallel evolution of genetic regulatory systems controlling these loci.
    • Understanding multilocus enzymes provides insights into gene regulation, evolution, and tissue differentiation.