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Related Concept Videos

Pulmonary Embolism II: Diagnostic Studies and Interprofessional Care01:29

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Diagnosing Pulmonary EmbolismDiagnosing pulmonary embolism (PE) involves clinical assessment and advanced imaging tests. The preferred diagnostic tool is the spiral (helical) CT scan or CT angiography (CTA), which uses intravenous contrast media to visualize the pulmonary vasculature and identify emboli.A ventilation-perfusion (V/Q) scan is an alternative for patients unable to receive contrast media. This scan includes both perfusion and ventilation scanning. Perfusion scanning involves...
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Pulmonary embolism (PE) occurs when a thrombus, fat or air embolus, amniotic fluid, or tumor tissue blocks one or more pulmonary arteries. These blockages originate in the venous system or the right side of the heart.EtiologyPE primarily arises from deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and other hypercoagulable states, such as inherited thrombophilias. Additional etiological factors include venous stasis, commonly seen in obesity, and endothelial injury from surgery and trauma. Less common causes include...
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Early relapsing calcified cerebral embolism.

Alfonso Cerase1, Irene Grazzini2

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Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases : the Official Journal of National Stroke Association
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Calcified cerebral emboli, though rare, can cause recurrent strokes and are often misdiagnosed on initial CT scans. This case highlights the importance of recognizing these emboli for accurate stroke assessment.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Radiology
  • Vascular Medicine

Background:

  • Calcified cerebral emboli are infrequently documented but pose a significant risk for recurrent, severe cerebrovascular events.
  • Computed tomography (CT) interpretation errors can lead to misdiagnosis in up to 27% of cases involving calcified cerebral emboli.
  • Early recognition is crucial for appropriate management and prevention of further neurological damage.

Observation:

  • A case report details a 79-year-old female patient experiencing early recurrent stroke.
  • Clinical presentation, CT, and CT angiography findings were analyzed.
  • The patient's stroke was attributed to calcified cerebral embolism.

Findings:

  • The study emphasizes that calcified cerebral emboli can be a cause of recurrent ischemic stroke.
  • Computed tomography (CT) and CT angiography are vital tools for identifying these calcifications.
  • Neuroradiology assessment must consider calcified emboli to avoid diagnostic pitfalls.

Implications:

  • Accurate diagnosis of calcified cerebral embolism is essential for effective stroke management.
  • CT imaging plays a critical role in the assessment and diagnosis of stroke, including rare causes like calcified emboli.
  • Increased awareness among neuroradiologists can improve patient outcomes by preventing misdiagnosis and delayed treatment.