Microvesicles released constitutively from prostate cancer cells differ biochemically and functionally to stimulated
Dan Stratton1, Colin Moore1, Samuel Antwi-Baffour1
1Cellular and Molecular Immunology Research Centre, London Metropolitan University, UK.
Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications
|March 31, 2015
Summary
Prostate cancer cells release two microvesicle (MV) subtypes: smaller constitutive MVs (cMVs) and larger stimulated MVs (sMVs). sMVs are more abundant and carry distinct cargo, suggesting different biological roles.
Area of Science:
- Cell Biology
- Biochemistry
- Cancer Research
Background:
- Microvesicles (MVs) are released from cells and play roles in intercellular communication.
- Prostate cancer cells release distinct MV subtypes with varying characteristics.
Purpose of the Study:
- To classify and characterize microvesicles released from prostate cancer cells.
- To investigate the differences between constitutively released MVs (cMVs) and stimulated MVs (sMVs).
Main Methods:
- Electron microscopy
- Nanosight tracking analysis
- Dynamic light scattering
- Flow cytometry
- Quartz Crystal Microbalance (QCM)
Main Results:
- Two MV subtypes identified: smaller cMVs (194-210 nm) and larger sMVs (333-385 nm).
- sMVs are released at 10-fold higher levels upon stimulation, including by C5b-9.
- sMVs are heavier (0.267 pg vs 0.241 pg), carry more calcium, protein, lipid rafts, CD55, phosphatidylserine, and C5b-9.
- sMVs exhibit increased bound C4BP, suggesting enhanced complement inhibition.
Conclusions:
- Prostate cancer cells release distinct cMVs and sMVs with significant differences in size, release levels, and cargo.
- sMVs possess characteristics indicative of a more active role in complement regulation and potentially other biological processes.
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