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Related Concept Videos

Pulmonary Tuberculosis I01:29

Pulmonary Tuberculosis I

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Tuberculosis, often called TB, is a contagious illness primarily caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It mainly affects the lung parenchyma but can also impact other body parts.
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...
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Pulmonary Tuberculosis II01:28

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Tuberculosis, or TB, is a bacterial infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While its primary impact is on the lungs, leading to pulmonary tuberculosis, it can also affect various other organs, a condition referred to as extrapulmonary tuberculosis.
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Medical management of tuberculosis (TB) patients involves a comprehensive approach that includes diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring. The specific strategies can vary depending on the type of tuberculosis (latent or active), the patient's overall health status, and other considerations.
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Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV01:26

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Tuberculosis, more commonly referred to as TB, is an infectious disease stemming from Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While it primarily impacts the lungs, TB can also affect other body areas. Given its severity and global impact, timely and accurate diagnosis is crucial for controlling its spread and improving patient outcomes.
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Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious infection primarily affecting the lung parenchyma but which can also affect other body parts. TB can be classified based on disease development, presentation, and the affected anatomical site.
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Domain Bacteria includes some unique hyperthermophilic species. They exhibit remarkable adaptations that enable survival in extreme environments.Thermotoga species are rod-shaped, gram-negative, non-sporulating hyperthermophiles that form a sheath-like envelope called a toga. They ferment sugars or starch, producing lactate, acetate, CO₂, and H₂, and can also grow via anaerobic respiration using H₂ and ferric iron. Found in hot springs and hydrothermal vents, over 20% of their...
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Analysis of 18FDG PET/CT Imaging as a Tool for Studying Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection and Treatment in Non-human Primates
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Human tuberculosis predates domestication in ancient Syria.

Oussama Baker1, Oona Y-C Lee2, Houdini H T Wu2

  • 1Laboratoire d'Anthropologie biologique Paul Broca, Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes, Paris, France.

Tuberculosis (Edinburgh, Scotland)
|March 31, 2015
PubMed
Summary

Pre-Neolithic tuberculosis (TB) was present before animal domestication. Evidence from ancient Syrian human remains suggests TB existed in early agricultural societies, predating its detection in domesticated animals.

Keywords:
Agriculture cradleAncient DNADomesticationEarly neolithicLipid biomarkersPPNBPaleopathology of TB

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Area of Science:

  • Paleopathology
  • Archaeogenetics
  • Ancient DNA analysis

Background:

  • Investigating the origins of infectious diseases like tuberculosis (TB) is crucial for understanding human and animal co-evolution.
  • The early Neolithic period, marked by the advent of agriculture and animal domestication, represents a significant transition in human history and disease ecology.
  • The presence and transmission dynamics of TB before widespread animal domestication remain poorly understood.

Observation:

  • Paleopathological analysis revealed skeletal lesions suggestive of TB in five human individuals from two Pre-Pottery Neolithic B (PPNB) sites in Syria.
  • These sites, Dja'de el Mughara (pre-domestication) and Tell Aswad (early domestication), date to 8800-8300 BCE and 8200-7600 BCE, respectively.
  • MicroCT scans, lipid biomarker detection, and initial molecular analyses provided further evidence supporting TB infection in human remains from both sites.

Findings:

  • Microscopic and molecular analyses confirmed TB infection in human individuals from both pre-domestication and early domestication phases.
  • No morphological evidence of TB was found in the remains of wild or domesticated animals from the same archaeological sites.
  • These findings indicate that human tuberculosis was established before or during the initial stages of animal domestication.

Implications:

  • This study provides strong evidence for the existence of human tuberculosis predating significant animal domestication.
  • The findings suggest that TB may have originated in humans or transmitted between humans before widespread zoonotic transmission from domesticated animals.
  • Understanding the ancient epidemiology of TB offers insights into the long-term interplay between human societal changes and infectious disease evolution.