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Related Concept Videos

Drugs for Treatment of Diarrhea-Predominant IBS01:17

Drugs for Treatment of Diarrhea-Predominant IBS

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Diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D) is a subtype of IBS characterized primarily by frequent, loose, or watery stools, abdominal pain, and abdominal discomfort. Therapeutic approaches to managing IBS-D include dietary changes, stress management techniques, and pharmaceutical interventions.
Two specific drugs used in the treatment are alosetron (Lotronex) and eluxadoline (Viberzi). Alosetron, a 5-HT3 antagonist, works by slowing the movement of stools in the gut, reducing bowel...
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Pharmacological therapies for IBS-C are designed to alleviate abdominal discomfort and enhance bowel function. In patients with IBS-C, fiber supplements may help soften stools and decrease straining, but may also lead to increased gas production and bloating. Osmotic laxatives like milk of magnesia are frequently used to soften stools and increase stool frequency in IBS-C patients. In addition, two drugs approved for use in severe IBS-C adult cases are linaclotide (Linzess) and lubiprostone...
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Drugs Affecting GI Tract Motility: Dopamine Receptor Antagonists01:28

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Prokinetic agents are specialized medications that stimulate gastrointestinal (GI) motility, promoting food movement through the GI tract. Dopamine, an inhibitory neurotransmitter, plays a significant role in this process, reducing GI motility and indirectly controlling the speed of digestion. Dopamine receptor antagonists, such as metoclopramide and domperidone, offer a unique advantage as prokinetic agents. By blocking the dopamine receptors, these drugs increase GI motility, improving food...
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Laxatives are primarily used to alleviate constipation, a common gastrointestinal disorder characterized by infrequent bowel movements and difficulty passing stools. They work by various mechanisms to increase the volume or frequency of bowel movements. The primary modes of action of laxatives include increasing stool bulk, softening the stool, stimulating intestinal motility, and osmotically drawing water into the intestines.
Osmotic or saline laxatives, like magnesium hydroxide or milk of...
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Serotonin, a crucial neurotransmitter synthesized by enterochromaffin cells, plays a cardinal role in regulating gastrointestinal (GI) motility. With over 90% of the body's total serotonin in the GI tract, its influence on digestive processes is profound. Serotonin is swiftly released upon various stimuli, such as food boluses or certain drugs, triggering intrinsic sensory neurons in the myenteric plexus and extrinsic vagal and spinal sensory neurons. This leads to the activation of the...
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Drugs Affecting GI Tract Motility: Adsorbents as Antidiarrheal Agents01:20

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Diarrhea is characterized by the occurrence of frequent, watery bowel movements. Various factors can trigger diarrhea, including viral or bacterial infections, foodborne illnesses, side effects from certain medications, and underlying digestive disorders. If not adequately managed, diarrhea can lead to complications such as dehydration, electrolyte imbalances, and nutrient deficiencies. Severe diarrhea can lead to significant weight loss, malnutrition, and weakened immune function.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 15, 2026

Bladder Smooth Muscle Strip Contractility as a Method to Evaluate Lower Urinary Tract Pharmacology
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Mirabegron.

Sebastiaan C Goulooze1, Adam F Cohen1,2, Robert Rissmann1,2

  • 1Centre for Human Drug Research, Leiden, The Netherlands.

British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology
|March 31, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Mirabegron treats overactive bladder by stimulating the beta-3 adrenoreceptor. This action relaxes the bladder muscle, improving urine storage and reducing symptoms.

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Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Urology

Background:

  • Overactive bladder (OAB) syndrome presents significant challenges in urinary storage.
  • Current treatments may have limitations, necessitating novel therapeutic approaches.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the mechanism of action of Mirabegron in managing OAB symptoms.
  • To highlight the role of beta-3 adrenoreceptor stimulation in improving bladder function.

Main Methods:

  • Mirabegron selectively targets and stimulates the beta-3 (β3) adrenoreceptor.
  • This stimulation leads to the relaxation of the detrusor smooth muscle.

Main Results:

  • Relaxation of the detrusor muscle facilitates increased bladder capacity.
  • Improved urine storage is achieved through the distension of the bladder body.

Conclusions:

  • Mirabegron offers a targeted approach for OAB symptom management.
  • Beta-3 adrenoreceptor agonism represents a viable therapeutic strategy for enhancing bladder storage.