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Expression of MMP-9 and VEGF in meningiomas and their correlation with peritumoral brain edema
Joanna Reszec1, Adam Hermanowicz2, Robert Rutkowski2
1Department of Medical Pathomorphology, Medical University of Bialystok, Ulica Waszyngtona 13, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland.
Abstract:
Meningiomas constitute up to 13% of all intracranial tumors. The predictive factors for meningioma have not been unambiguously defined; however some limited data suggest that the expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) may be associated with the presence of peritumoral brain edema (PTBE) and worse clinical outcome. The aim of this study was to analyze the expressions of MMP-9 and VEGF in a group of meningiomas of various grades and to study associations between these two markers and PTBE. The study included patients with supratentorial meningiomas. The patients were divided into low- (G1) and high-grade meningiomas (G2 and G3). PTBE was assessed on MRI. The expressions of VEGF and MMP-9 were determined immunohistochemically. The expression of MMP-9 was observed significantly more often in G3 meningiomas than in lower grade tumors. The presence of stage II or III PTBE was associated with a significant increase in MMP-9 expression. The expression of VEGF did not differ across the PTBE stages. Our findings point to a significant role of MMP-9 and VEGF in the pathogenesis of peritumoral brain edema in low- and high-grade meningiomas.
Insights
Matrix metalloproteinases-9 (MMP-9) expression is linked to higher-grade meningiomas and peritumoral brain edema (PTBE). Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) showed no significant association with PTBE stages in this study.
Area of Science:
- Neuro-oncology
- Tumor Biology
- Pathology
Background:
- Meningiomas are common intracranial tumors, but predictive factors for their severity remain unclear.
- Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) are implicated in tumor progression and edema.
- Peritumoral brain edema (PTBE) significantly impacts patient outcomes in meningioma cases.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the expression levels of MMP-9 and VEGF in different grades of meningiomas.
- To determine the association between MMP-9 and VEGF expression and the presence and severity of PTBE.
- To elucidate the role of MMP-9 and VEGF in the pathogenesis of PTBE in meningiomas.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of supratentorial meningioma patient data.
- Classification of meningiomas into low-grade (G1) and high-grade (G2, G3) groups.
- Assessment of PTBE using Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI).
- Immunohistochemical analysis to quantify MMP-9 and VEGF expression.
Main Results:
- MMP-9 expression was significantly higher in high-grade (G3) meningiomas compared to lower grades.
- Increased MMP-9 expression correlated significantly with the presence of stage II or III PTBE.
- No significant difference in VEGF expression was observed across different PTBE stages.
Conclusions:
- MMP-9 plays a significant role in the development of PTBE in both low- and high-grade meningiomas.
- VEGF expression does not appear to be directly associated with PTBE severity in this cohort.
- These findings highlight MMP-9 as a potential biomarker for PTBE in meningioma patients.
