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Related Concept Videos

Hepatitis01:25

Hepatitis

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Hepatitis is an inflammatory condition of the liver most commonly caused by hepatotropic viruses (A–E), though non-infectious causes such as alcohol and drugs also exist.Hepatitis AHepatitis A virus (HAV) is a non-enveloped RNA virus of the Picornaviridae family. It is primarily transmitted via the fecal-oral route, typically through ingestion of contaminated food or water. After ingestion, HAV enters the bloodstream through the oropharynx or intestinal epithelium and reaches the liver.
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Autoimmune Disorders01:29

Autoimmune Disorders

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Autoimmune diseases are a group of disorders in which the body's immune system mistakenly attacks its own cells, tissues, and organs. This results from an overactive immune response against substances and tissues normally present in the body. Let's delve into the concept and mechanism of autoimmune diseases from an immune system point of view, explore different causes and examples of such diseases, and discuss potential solutions.
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Gastritis-II: Pathophysiology01:17

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Gastritis is marked by disruption of the mucosal barrier that usually protects the stomach tissue from digestive juices and manifests in acute and chronic forms.
In acute gastritis, the gastric mucosa becomes swollen and red and undergoes superficial erosion. Superficial ulceration may lead to bleeding.
In chronic gastritis, persistent or repeated insults lead to chronic inflammatory changes and, eventually, thinning or atrophy of the gastric tissue.
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Diphtheria01:28

Diphtheria

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Diphtheria is an acute, toxin-mediated infectious disease that primarily affects the upper respiratory tract. It is caused by Corynebacterium diphtheriae, a Gram-positive, pleomorphic rod that lacks spore-forming capability and exhibits a characteristic club-shaped morphology under microscopic examination. While C. diphtheriae can asymptomatically colonize mucosal surfaces, clinical disease manifests only when the bacterial strain is lysogenized by a specific β-corynephage. This phage...
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Rheumatic Heart Disease I: Introduction01:23

Rheumatic Heart Disease I: Introduction

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Rheumatic heart disease or RHD is a chronic condition that results from rheumatic fever, causing permanent damage to the heart valves.Etiology and Risk FactorsIt primarily arises from rheumatic fever, an inflammatory disease that can develop after untreated or inadequately treated group A streptococcal (GAS) pharyngitis. Streptococcus spreads through direct contact with oral or respiratory secretions. While the bacteria are the causative agents, factors like malnutrition, overcrowding, poor...
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Gastritis-I: Introduction and Types01:27

Gastritis-I: Introduction and Types

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Gastritis, defined by the inflammation or irritation of the stomach lining or gastric mucosa, manifests in several distinct forms: acute, chronic, reactive, and a specific subtype known as autoimmune metaplastic atrophic gastritis.
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Induction of Drug-Induced, Autoimmune Hepatitis in BALB/c Mice for the Study of Its Pathogenic Mechanisms
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[Autoimmune hepatitis preceded by hepatitis A].

Anne Grave1, Jacob Juel, Mogens Vyberg

  • 1Medicinsk Gastroenterologisk Afdeling, Aalborg Universitetshospital, Mølleparkvej 4, 9000 Aalborg. anne.grave@studmed.au.dk.

Ugeskrift for Laeger
|March 31, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Autoimmune hepatitis can develop after acute hepatitis A infection. This case study suggests a potential link between hepatitis A virus and the onset of autoimmune liver disease.

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Area of Science:

  • Hepatology
  • Immunology
  • Virology

Background:

  • Autoimmune hepatitis involves persistent liver inflammation and fibrosis, potentially leading to cirrhosis.
  • Its exact cause is unknown, involving genetic and environmental factors influencing immune responses.
  • Acute hepatitis A has been rarely implicated as a potential trigger.

Observation:

  • A 66-year-old woman experienced fatigue, pale stools, and elevated liver enzymes.
  • These symptoms appeared two months after a resolved acute hepatitis A infection.
  • Clinical presentation suggested a liver disorder requiring further investigation.

Findings:

  • Liver biopsy revealed histological changes consistent with autoimmune hepatitis.
  • The timing post-hepatitis A infection supports a potential triggering role.
  • This case highlights a rare but possible association.

Implications:

  • Further research is needed to understand the mechanism linking hepatitis A to autoimmune hepatitis.
  • This association may inform diagnostic approaches in patients with unexplained hepatitis.
  • Understanding triggers could lead to novel therapeutic strategies for autoimmune liver diseases.