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Spinal pain.

R Izzo1, T Popolizio2, P D'Aprile3

  • 1Neuroradiology Department, A. Cardarelli Hospital, Naples, Italy.

European Journal of Radiology
|April 1, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Low back pain (LBP) is a common cause of disability, often stemming from internal disc disruption (IDD) or discogenic pain. Understanding spinal pain origins is crucial for effective treatment.

Keywords:
CTMRSpinal painSpine degeneration

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedics and Sports Medicine
  • Pain Management
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Low back pain (LBP) is a leading cause of disability worldwide and a frequent reason for primary care consultations.
  • Internal disc disruption (IDD) is a primary cause of discogenic pain, distinct from disc herniation or degenerative disc disease.
  • Facet joint and degenerative instability also contribute significantly to axial and radicular spinal pain.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current concepts on the pathophysiology of discogenic, radicular, facet, and dysfunctional spinal pain.
  • To emphasize the role of imaging in diagnosing spinal pain and guiding minimally invasive interventions.
  • To highlight discogenic pain as a frequent cause of chronic LBP.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of current concepts in spinal pain pathophysiology.
  • Analysis of the role of advanced imaging in diagnosis.
  • Discussion of diagnostic challenges and therapeutic approaches.

Main Results:

  • Spinal pain has complex mechanical and inflammatory origins, including IDD, facet joint issues, and degenerative instability.
  • Clinical assessment and imaging findings require careful correlation, as abnormalities can exist in asymptomatic individuals.
  • Peripheral and central sensitization can drive the transition from acute to chronic pain.

Conclusions:

  • Accurate diagnosis of spinal pain requires integrating clinical assessment with imaging, avoiding over-reliance on imaging findings alone.
  • Understanding the pathophysiology of various spinal pain types is key to selecting appropriate treatments, including minimally invasive techniques.
  • Discogenic pain, often caused by IDD, is a major contributor to chronic LBP and warrants focused diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.