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Related Concept Videos

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Chronic liver disease significantly impacts drug metabolism due to alterations in hepatic blood flow and enzyme accessibility. This disruption affects the body's pharmacokinetics—the movement and processing of drugs within the system. Key enzymes crucial for metabolizing medications become less accessible, changing how drugs are processed and utilized. Furthermore, liver disease influences the synthesis of plasma proteins, such as albumin and globulins, which play critical roles in drug...
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Hepatic impairment, characterized by decreased liver function, does not uniformly mandate adjustments in drug dosage. Whether dosage modifications are necessary depends on various factors related to the drug's metabolism and elimination pathways. If a drug is primarily excreted via the kidneys and bypasses significant hepatic processing, if it undergoes minimal metabolic transformation in the liver, or if it is volatile and primarily expelled through the lungs, dose adjustments may not be...
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Drug metabolism, a critical process in the liver, involves two primary phases: Phase I reactions and Phase II conjugation. Obesity introduces significant alterations in this metabolic process, primarily due to fatty infiltration of the liver, leading to conditions such as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). This condition can modify the activities of both Phase I and II enzymes, impacting how drugs are metabolized in obese patients.Phase I metabolism sees variable effects across...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 15, 2026

Generation of a Rat Model of Acute Liver Failure by Combining 70% Partial Hepatectomy and Acetaminophen
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Orlistat-induced fulminant hepatic failure.

D Sall1, J Wang, M Rashkin

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA.

Clinical Obesity
|April 1, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Orlistat, a weight-loss drug, can cause severe liver injury, including liver failure. This case highlights the importance of monitoring patients for hepatic dysfunction during orlistat use.

Keywords:
Hepatic failureliver transplantorlistat

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Area of Science:

  • Hepatology
  • Pharmacology
  • Toxicology

Background:

  • Orlistat is FDA-approved for weight loss and generally well-tolerated.
  • Severe liver injury has been anecdotally reported with orlistat use.
  • Over-the-counter orlistat is widely available for weight management.

Observation:

  • A 54-year-old woman developed hepatic failure after two months of over-the-counter orlistat use.
  • Clinical presentation included jaundice, confusion, and abnormal liver function tests.
  • Liver biopsy revealed necrotic hepatic parenchyma consistent with drug toxicity.

Findings:

  • The patient's liver failure was deemed most likely associated with orlistat.
  • This is the second reported case of liver failure linked to over-the-counter orlistat.
  • Fourteen cases of severe liver injury from orlistat are documented in the literature.

Implications:

  • Clinicians must be vigilant for orlistat-induced liver injury.
  • Close monitoring of liver function is crucial for patients taking orlistat.
  • Increased awareness of orlistat's potential hepatotoxicity is warranted.