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Labeling DNA Probes

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DNA probes are fragments of DNA labeled with a reporter tag to enable their detection or purification. The resulting labeled DNA probes can then hybridize to target nucleic acid sequences through complementary base-pairing, and may be used to recover or identify these regions.
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Design and Development of Aptamer–Gold Nanoparticle Based Colorimetric Assays for In-the-field Applications

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DNA adduct identification using gold-aptamer nanoprobes.

Miguel Larguinho¹, Sofia Santos², João Almeida³

¹REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Campus de Caparica, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal.

IET Nanobiotechnology

|April 2, 2015

Summary

Researchers developed gold-aptamer nanoprobes for detecting glycidamide-guanine adducts. These nanoprobes show promise in distinguishing specific DNA sequences, though identifying genomic DNA adducts remains challenging.

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Primer-Free Aptamer Selection Using A Random DNA Library

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Area of Science:

Nanotechnology
Biochemistry
Molecular Biology

Background:

Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) possess unique optical and physico-chemical properties.
AuNPs are highly modifiable, enabling functionalization for advanced applications.
Biosensing and molecular detection fields have benefited from AuNP advancements.

Purpose of the Study:

To create gold-aptamer nanoprobes for biomolecular detection.
To utilize AuNPs' properties for developing novel biosensing strategies.
To detect glycidamide (GA)-guanine (Gua) adducts generated in vitro.

Main Methods:

Functionalization of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) with DNA aptamers using a salt aging method.
Characterization of the resulting gold-aptamer nanoprobes.
Application of nanoprobes for biomolecular detection based on salt-induced aggregation differences.

Main Results:

Gold-aptamer nanoprobes were successfully synthesized and characterized.
The nanoprobes demonstrated efficient discrimination of alkylated guanines (Gua) from deoxyguanosine and GA in solution.
The method showed effectiveness similar to existing non-cross-linking sequence discrimination techniques.

Conclusions:

Gold-aptamer nanoprobes are effective for detecting specific DNA adducts like GA-Gua.
The salt-aging method provides a viable approach for creating functionalized nanoprobes.
Identifying DNA adducts from genomic DNA alkylation presents ongoing challenges.