Beyond fruit-flies: population genomic advances in non-Drosophila arthropods

Understanding the evolutionary processes driving the adaptive differentiation of populations is of broad interest in biology. Genome-wide nucleotide polymorphisms provide the basis for population genetic studies powered by advances in high-throughput sequencing technologies. These advances have led to an extension of genome projects to a variety of non-genetic model organisms, broadening our view on the evolution of gene families and taxonomic-restricted novelties. Here, we review the progress of genome projects in non-Drosophila arthropods, focusing on advances in the analysis of large-scale polymorphism data and functional genomics and examples of population genomic studies.