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Ankle Joint

Ankle Joint

The ankle is formed by the talocrural joint (crural = leg). It consists of the articulations between the talus bone of the foot and the distal ends of the tibia and fibula of the leg. The superior aspect of the talus bone is square-shaped and has three areas of articulation. The top of the talus articulates with the inferior tibia. This is the portion of the ankle joint that carries the body weight between the leg and foot. The sides of the talus are firmly held in position by the articulations...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 15, 2026

Evaluating Postural Control and Lower-extremity Muscle Activation in Individuals with Chronic Ankle Instability

Evaluating Postural Control and Lower-extremity Muscle Activation in Individuals with Chronic Ankle Instability

Published on: September 18, 2020

Lower Limb Interjoint Postural Coordination One Year after First-Time Lateral Ankle Sprain.

Cailbhe Doherty¹, Chris Bleakley, Jay Hertel

¹1School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Population Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, IRELAND; 2Sport and Exercise Sciences Research Institute, Ulster Sports Academy, University of Ulster, Newtownabbey, County Antrim, UNITED KINGDOM; 3Department of Kinesiology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA; 4Emergency Department, St. Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, IRELAND; 5Insight Centre for Data Analytics, University College Dublin, Dublin, IRELAND; and 6Institute for Sport and Health, University College Dublin, Dublin, IRELAND.

Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise

|April 2, 2015

Summary

Individuals with chronic ankle instability (CAI) use a hip-dominant strategy for balance, showing less complex movements during eyes-closed stance. This highlights altered motor control after ankle sprains.

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Experimental Methods to Study Human Postural Control

Experimental Methods to Study Human Postural Control

Published on: September 11, 2019

Area of Science:

Biomechanics
Motor Control
Sports Medicine

Background:

Longitudinal studies on individuals with a history of lateral ankle sprain are limited.
Chronic ankle instability (CAI) affects a significant portion of individuals after an initial ankle sprain.
Understanding altered movement strategies is crucial for rehabilitation and injury prevention.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate lower limb interjoint coordination during static unipedal stance in individuals with CAI.
To compare stabilometry and kinematic data between CAI, ankle sprain copers, and non-injured controls.
To evaluate the impact of visual input (eyes open vs. closed) on balance strategies.

Main Methods:

Three groups (CAI, copers, controls) performed 20-second single-limb stance trials.
Three-dimensional kinematic data were analyzed for interjoint coordination using an adjusted coefficient of multiple determination.
Stabilometry assessed the fractal dimension of the center of pressure path.

Main Results:

Participants with CAI showed increased ankle-hip coordination in both eyes-open and eyes-closed conditions compared to controls.
CAI participants exhibited a hip-dominant strategy, particularly evident when visual input was removed.
Reduced complexity of the center of pressure path was observed in CAI individuals during eyes-closed stance.

Conclusions:

Chronic ankle instability is associated with a compensatory hip-dominant strategy for maintaining static unipedal balance.
Altered interjoint coordination and reduced postural control complexity persist in individuals with CAI.
These findings underscore the need for targeted interventions addressing sensorimotor deficits in CAI.