Approach to chemotherapy-associated thrombosis

Area of Science:

• Oncology
• Hematology
• Pharmacology

Background:

• Antineoplastic agents used in cancer therapy can induce a prothrombotic state.
• Thrombotic events, both arterial and venous, are a significant complication in cancer patients undergoing treatment.
• Understanding the link between specific cancer drugs and thrombosis is crucial for patient management.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review antineoplastic agents associated with an increased risk of thrombotic events.
• To elucidate the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying treatment-induced prothrombotic states in cancer.
• To present current recommendations for prophylactic antithrombotic therapy in at-risk cancer patients.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of studies investigating antineoplastic agents and thrombotic risk.
• Analysis of pathophysiological processes contributing to cancer-associated thrombosis.
• Synthesis of clinical guidelines and recommendations for thromboprophylaxis.

Main Results:

• Identification of specific antineoplastic agents linked to heightened arterial and venous thrombotic risk.
• Detailed explanation of the mechanisms driving the prothrombotic state.
• Summary of evidence supporting prophylactic antithrombotic strategies.

Conclusions:

• Antineoplastic therapy necessitates careful consideration of thrombotic risk.
• Prophylactic antithrombotic therapy is recommended in specific high-risk clinical scenarios.
• Further research is warranted to optimize thromboprophylaxis in oncology.