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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Cognitive Neuroscience

Background:

  • Cognitive task performance typically relies on distinct brain networks: the default-mode network and control networks.
  • Recent research suggests potential cooperation between these networks in specific cognitive control contexts.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if cognitive reasoning, specifically relating variables, involves transient connectivity increases between default-mode and control network regions.
  • To examine the dynamic interplay of brain networks during complex reasoning tasks.

Main Methods:

  • Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was employed to observe brain activity.
  • Participants completed a modified Wason selection task with varying relational complexity.
  • Task-based connectivity analyses were performed to assess network interactions.

Main Results:

  • Default-mode network areas showed expected deactivation with increasing relational complexity.
  • Crucially, enhanced connectivity was observed between default-mode and task-positive control regions.
  • Specifically, increased connectivity involved the striatum, angular gyri, thalamus, and right temporal pole with task complexity.

Conclusions:

  • The findings challenge the strict segregation model of default-mode and control networks in cognitive tasks.
  • Cooperation between these networks, particularly involving the striatum and thalamus, appears vital for managing network dynamics in cognitive reasoning.
  • This reveals novel roles for subcortical structures in supporting complex cognitive functions.