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Acute Changes in Peripheral Vascular Tonus and Systemic Circulation during Static Stretching.

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Static stretching (SS) temporarily increases peripheral vascular tonus and blood pressure in healthy males. These acute effects, measured by the |d/a| ratio, correlate with ankle range of motion during stretching.

Keywords:
gastrocnemius musclephotoplethysmogramrange of motion

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Area of Science:

  • Physiology
  • Biomechanics
  • Vascular Biology

Background:

  • Static stretching (SS) is a common flexibility exercise.
  • Its acute effects on peripheral vascular tonus and systemic circulation are not fully understood.
  • Understanding these responses is crucial for exercise prescription and injury prevention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the acute effects of static stretching on peripheral vascular tonus.
  • To clarify the impact of static stretching on systemic circulation.
  • To explore the relationship between vascular changes and range of motion during stretching.

Main Methods:

  • Twenty healthy young males performed a 1-minute static stretching protocol on the triceps surae muscle, repeated five times.
  • Peripheral vascular tonus was assessed using the |d/a| ratio derived from photoplethysmography.
  • Heart rate and blood pressure were monitored throughout the protocol.

Main Results:

  • The |d/a| ratio and blood pressure showed transient but significant elevations during static stretching.
  • These physiological parameters returned to baseline levels immediately post-stretching.
  • A significant positive correlation was found between the change in the |d/a| ratio and the ankle range of motion during SS (r = 0.793–0.832, P = 0.01).

Conclusions:

  • Acute static stretching can transiently enhance peripheral vascular tonus and blood pressure in healthy individuals.
  • These vascular responses are likely mediated by the mechanical stress induced by stretching.
  • The degree of vascular response correlates with the achieved range of motion, suggesting a mechanical influence on circulation.