Nano-scale observations of tattoo pigments in skin by atomic force microscopy
Colin A Grant1, Peter C Twigg, Desmond J Tobin
1Department of Medical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Informatics, University of Bradford, Bradford, UK.
Abstract:
In this study, we have shown how particles in carbon black tattoo ink accumulate in the human skin dermis using fine-resolution atomic force microscopy, with which a single ink particle in the collagenous network can be imaged. This information further demonstrates that tattoo inks are nano-particles. Further, we have deposited a commercially available tattoo ink on a glass slide and calculated a range of volumes for single ink particles.
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