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Retinal Explant of the Adult Mouse Retina as an Ex Vivo Model for Studying Retinal Neurovascular Diseases

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Dietary ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids decrease retinal neovascularization by adipose-endoplasmic reticulum stress

Zhongjie Fu¹, Chatarina A Lofqvist¹, Zhuo Shao¹

¹From the Department of Ophthalmology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (ZF, ZS, YS, J-SJ, CGH, RZC, LPE, KT, JC, and LEHS); the Department of Ophthalmology, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden (CAL and AH); the Department of Pediatrics, Institute of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University and Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden (DL and IHP); and National Eye Institute, Division of Epidemiology and Clinical Research Clinical Trials Branch, National Eye Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD (JPS).

The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition

|April 3, 2015

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Increasing adiponectin (APN) with omega-3 fatty acids may prevent retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). Supplementation in preterm infants

Keywords:

adiponectin endoplasmic reticulum stress neovascularization retinopathy of prematurity white adipose tissue ω-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids

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Area of Science:

Ophthalmology
Neonatology
Nutritional Science

Background:

Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a leading cause of vision loss in premature infants.
Serum adiponectin (APN) levels are linked to growth and gestational age, key ROP risk factors.
Dietary omega-3 (ω-3) long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFAs) show promise in suppressing ROP, but mechanisms are unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the role of adiponectin (APN) in the development of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP).
To determine if dietary ω-3 LCPUFA supplementation elevates circulating APN concentrations to mediate protective effects against ROP.

Main Methods:

Correlating serum APN and ω-3 LCPUFA levels with ROP in preterm infants.
Utilizing a mouse model of oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR) to assess the impact of ω-3 LCPUFA supplementation on serum APN and retinopathy.

Main Results:

Low serum APN and ω-3 LCPUFA concentrations correlate with ROP in preterm infants.
ω-3 LCPUFA feed increased total and bioactive high-molecular-weight APN in mice by reducing adipose endoplasmic reticulum stress.
APN deficiency significantly reduced the protective effect of dietary ω-3 LCPUFA against neovascularization in mice.

Conclusions:

Increasing APN levels through ω-3 LCPUFA supplementation may offer a strategy to suppress ROP in preterm infants.
Adiponectin's role in the retina, particularly in neovessels, suggests a direct mechanism for its protective effects.