Dispersion and monochromatization of x-rays using a beryllium prism
Optics Express
|April 4, 2015
Summary
Beryllium prisms can disperse and monochromatize x-rays, separating undulator harmonics for various light sources. This refractive optics method is efficient for low-repetition-rate applications like free-electron lasers.
Area of Science:
- X-ray optics
- Photonics
- Materials science
Background:
- X-ray dispersion and monochromatization are crucial for many scientific applications.
- Existing methods may have limitations in throughput or applicability to certain source types.
Purpose of the Study:
- To demonstrate the efficacy of a beryllium prism for x-ray dispersion and monochromatization.
- To investigate the spatial separation and selection of undulator harmonics using refractive optics.
- To assess the performance and optimization potential of beryllium refractive optics for x-ray sources.
Main Methods:
- Experimental proof-of-principle using a polished beryllium cuboid as a refractive and dispersive element.
- Numerical simulations with realistic beam and beamline parameters.
- Characterization of spatial separation of undulator harmonics and throughput.
Main Results:
- Successful demonstration of x-ray dispersion and monochromatization using a beryllium prism.
- Spatial separation of undulator harmonics from 3 keV to over 20 keV.
- Achieved throughput exceeding 50% for separated harmonics.
- Beryllium refractive optics identified as suitable for low-repetition-rate sources.
Conclusions:
- Beryllium prisms offer a viable solution for dispersing and monochromatizing x-rays.
- The technique is effective for selecting specific undulator harmonics, enhancing experimental capabilities.
- This method is particularly advantageous for pulsed x-ray sources like free-electron lasers.
Related Concept Videos
00:54Distribution and Dispersion
25.4K
To understand intra-specific interactions in populations, scientists measure the spatial arrangement of species individuals. This geographic arrangement is known as the species distribution or dispersion. Highly territorial species exhibit a uniform distribution pattern, in which individuals are spaced at relatively equal distances from one another. Species that are highly tied to particular resources, such as food or shelter, tend to concentrate around those resources, and thus exhibit a...
25.4K
02:18X-ray Crystallography
26.2K
The size of the unit cell and the arrangement of atoms in a crystal may be determined from measurements of the diffraction of X-rays by the crystal, termed X-ray crystallography.
Diffraction
Diffraction is the change in the direction of travel experienced by an electromagnetic wave when it encounters a physical barrier whose dimensions are comparable to those of the wavelength of the light. X-rays are electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths about as long as the distance between neighboring...
Diffraction
Diffraction is the change in the direction of travel experienced by an electromagnetic wave when it encounters a physical barrier whose dimensions are comparable to those of the wavelength of the light. X-rays are electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths about as long as the distance between neighboring...
26.2K
01:24X-ray Imaging
10.5K
German physicist Wilhelm Röntgen (1845–1923) was experimenting with electrical current when he discovered that a mysterious and invisible "ray" would pass through his flesh but leave an outline of his bones on a screen coated with a metal compound. In 1895, Röntgen made the first durable record of the internal parts of a living human: an "X-ray" image (as it came to be called) of his wife’s hand. Scientists worldwide quickly began their own experiments with...
10.5K
01:10X-ray Diffraction of Biological Samples
4.9K
X-ray diffraction or XRD is an analytical tool that utilizes X-rays to study ordered structures such as crystalline organic and inorganic samples, polycrystalline materials, proteins, carbohydrates, and drugs.
According to Bragg's law, when X-rays strike the sample positioned on a stage, the rays are scattered by the electron clouds around the sample atoms. The X-ray diffraction or scattering is caused by constructive interference of the X-ray waves that reflect off the internal...
According to Bragg's law, when X-rays strike the sample positioned on a stage, the rays are scattered by the electron clouds around the sample atoms. The X-ray diffraction or scattering is caused by constructive interference of the X-ray waves that reflect off the internal...
4.9K
01:30Radiological Investigation I: X-ray and CT
1.2K
Radiological investigations, including X-rays and computed tomography (CT) scans, are critical for diagnosing and evaluating various medical conditions. These imaging techniques provide valuable insights into the body's internal structures, aiding in the detection of abnormalities, assessment of disease progression, and development of treatment strategies. This article delves into two primary radiological investigations, chest X-rays and CT scans, outlining their purpose, procedures, and...
1.2K
01:20Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System III: X-Ray
494
The most common cardiovascular diagnostic test is an X-ray. It produces images of the heart, blood vessels, and adjacent structures.
Definition and Purpose
An X-ray, or radiograph, is a non-invasive method that uses ionizing radiation to take images of internal structures. It is mainly used in cardiac imaging to examine the heart, lungs, and major blood vessels, aiming to identify abnormalities in the heart's size, shape, and position, such as heart failure, congenital defects, and vascular...
Definition and Purpose
An X-ray, or radiograph, is a non-invasive method that uses ionizing radiation to take images of internal structures. It is mainly used in cardiac imaging to examine the heart, lungs, and major blood vessels, aiming to identify abnormalities in the heart's size, shape, and position, such as heart failure, congenital defects, and vascular...
494