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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 15, 2026

Fabrication and Testing of Microfluidic Optomechanical Oscillators
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Optical micro-knot resonator hydrophone.

J M De Freitas, T A Birks, M Rollings

    Optics Express
    |April 4, 2015
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    This study introduces the first underwater acoustic sensor based on an optical micro-knot resonator. This novel sensor demonstrates high sensitivity to underwater sound waves, paving the way for advanced acoustic detection.

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    Area of Science:

    • Photonics
    • Acoustics
    • Materials Science

    Background:

    • Underwater acoustic sensing is crucial for various applications, including defense and environmental monitoring.
    • Existing sensors face limitations in sensitivity and size.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop and demonstrate the first underwater acoustic sensor utilizing an optical micro-knot resonator.
    • To evaluate the sensor's performance and sensitivity to acoustic waves.

    Main Methods:

    • Fabrication of an optical micro-knot resonator using a micro-fibre loop.
    • Encapsulation of the micro-knot to enable strain transfer from acoustic waves.
    • Characterization of the sensor's spectral properties and response to underwater acoustic excitation at 40Hz.

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    Main Results:

    • The micro-knot sensor achieved a Q-factor of 41100.
    • A wavelength shift of approximately 67pm RMS was observed under acoustic excitation.
    • The sensor demonstrated a normalized sensitivity of -288 dB re μPa(-1) or 5.83 fm/Pa.

    Conclusions:

    • Optical micro-knot resonators can be effectively employed as sensitive underwater acoustic sensors.
    • The developed sensor shows promise for high-performance underwater acoustic detection applications.