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Microtubules in Signaling

Microtubules in Signaling

The primary cilium, made up of microtubules, acts as antennae on the cell surfaces for relaying external stimuli into the cells. These fine hair-like structures are present, generally one per cell. These are non-motile cilia in a 9+0 microtubules arrangement, where the central pair of microtubules are absent. The primary cilia arise from the basal body embedded in the cell membrane. Intraflagellar transport (IFT) carries requisite proteins from the cytoplasm to the cilium because the primary...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 15, 2026

Volumetric Imaging and Analysis of Primary Cilia in Musculoskeletal Tissue using the ARL13B-CENTRIN-2 Mouse Model

Volumetric Imaging and Analysis of Primary Cilia in Musculoskeletal Tissue using the ARL13B-CENTRIN-2 Mouse Model

Published on: March 28, 2025

Analysis of primary cilia in the developing mouse brain.

Judith T M L Paridaen¹, Wieland B Huttner¹, Michaela Wilsch-Bräuninger¹

¹Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Dresden, Germany.

Methods in Cell Biology

|April 4, 2015

Summary

Primary cilia in developing brain cells are crucial for cell fate. These structures are inherited during cell division and change location, influencing neural progenitor cell fate and neuron production.

Keywords:

Asymmetry Cell division Ciliogenesis Neurogenesis Primary cilium Stem and progenitor cells

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Last Updated: Apr 15, 2026

Volumetric Imaging and Analysis of Primary Cilia in Musculoskeletal Tissue using the ARL13B-CENTRIN-2 Mouse Model

Volumetric Imaging and Analysis of Primary Cilia in Musculoskeletal Tissue using the ARL13B-CENTRIN-2 Mouse Model

Published on: March 28, 2025

Using Primary Neurosphere Cultures to Study Primary Cilia

Using Primary Neurosphere Cultures to Study Primary Cilia

Published on: April 14, 2017

Artificial Intelligence Approaches to Assessing Primary Cilia

Artificial Intelligence Approaches to Assessing Primary Cilia

Published on: May 1, 2021

Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Cell Biology
Developmental Biology

Background:

Stem and progenitor cells in the developing mammalian brain possess a primary cilium.
Primary cilia detect signals in cerebrospinal fluid.
Recent findings highlight primary cilia dynamics during mitosis and cell division.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the role of primary cilia in neural progenitor cell fate determination.
To describe methods for studying primary cilia in the developing mouse brain.

Main Methods:

Time-lapse imaging of live mouse embryonic brain tissues.
Correlative light and electron microscopy.
Serial-block-face scanning electron microscopy for analyzing primary cilia structure and localization.

Main Results:

Primary cilia are not fully disassembled during mitosis and can be inherited by daughter cells.
Inherited ciliary remnants influence progenitor cell fate maintenance.
Differentiating cells develop primary cilia on their basolateral membrane, altering their signaling environment.

Conclusions:

Primary cilia dynamics, including inheritance and altered localization, play a role in neural progenitor cell fate determination.
These phenomena are linked to cell delamination and neuron production.
The described methods enable detailed study of primary cilia in brain development.