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Area of Science:

  • Quantum physics
  • Condensed matter theory
  • Statistical mechanics

Background:

  • Many-body localization (MBL) describes the failure of a quantum system to thermalize.
  • Understanding MBL in realistic, non-isolated settings is crucial for experimental verification.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the survival of many-body localization signatures when a system is coupled to a thermalizing environment.
  • To identify robust diagnostics for MBL in imperfectly isolated quantum systems.

Main Methods:

  • Numerical exact diagonalization was employed to study the quantum system.
  • Analysis focused on spectral functions of local operators and system-environment coupling.

Main Results:

  • Standard MBL diagnostics fail above a critical, exponentially small environmental coupling.
  • Alternative diagnostics based on spectral functions (discrete spectrum, energy gaps) remain robust.
  • These robust signatures persist for couplings weaker than system energy scales.

Conclusions:

  • Many-body localization signatures are fragile to environmental coupling, with standard diagnostics failing easily.
  • Spectral functions offer a robust method for detecting MBL in realistic, weakly coupled quantum systems.