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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 15, 2026

Design and Development of Aptamer&#8211;Gold Nanoparticle Based Colorimetric Assays for In-the-field Applications
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Theophylline detection in serum using a self-assembling RNA aptamer-based gold nanoparticle sensor.

Hongyan Jiang1, Kai Ling1, Xiaojun Tao1

  • 1Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Key Laboratory of Biomedical Material of Tianjin, Tianjin 300192, PR China.

Biosensors & Bioelectronics
|April 4, 2015
PubMed
Summary

This study presents a novel RNA aptasensor using gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) for sensitive theophylline detection in serum. The innovative design enhances RNA aptamer stability and enables selective, fluorescence-based theophylline measurement.

Keywords:
AptasensorFluorescence quenchingGold nanoparticleRNA aptamerTheophylline

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Nanotechnology
  • Molecular Diagnostics

Background:

  • DNA aptamer-gold nanoparticle (AuNP) conjugates are emerging biosensing tools.
  • RNA aptamers offer advantages over DNA aptamers but are vulnerable during conjugate construction, hindering RNA aptasensor development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a stable and selective RNA aptamer-based AuNP sensor for theophylline detection in serum.
  • To overcome the vulnerability of RNA aptamers during AuNP conjugate formation.

Main Methods:

  • A theophylline RNA aptamer was split into two fragments to prevent nuclease degradation.
  • One fragment was linked to a DNA sequence (T15 spacer, polyA tail) for AuNP attachment.
  • The second fragment was labeled with a fluorophore (Cy3).
  • Theophylline binding induced self-assembly and fluorescence quenching.

Main Results:

  • The sensor achieved a low detection limit of 0.05 µM for theophylline in serum.
  • A linear dynamic range of 0.1–10 µM was observed.
  • The sensor demonstrated high selectivity, distinguishing theophylline from related compounds like caffeine.

Conclusions:

  • The developed RNA aptasensor offers a stable and selective method for theophylline detection.
  • This strategy opens new avenues for applying RNA aptasensors in clinical diagnostics.