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Related Concept Videos

The Cochlea01:13

The Cochlea

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The cochlea is a coiled structure in the inner ear that contains hair cells—the sensory receptors of the auditory system. Sound waves are transmitted to the cochlea by small bones attached to the eardrum called the ossicles, which vibrate the oval window that leads to the inner ear. This causes fluid in the chambers of the cochlea to move, vibrating the basilar membrane.
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Perceiving Loudness, Pitch, and Location01:21

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The human brain perceives pitch through two primary mechanisms reflected in place theory and frequency theory. Each mechanism describes how sound waves are interpreted as specific pitches by the brain, offering insights into the intricate processes of auditory perception.
Place theory, or place coding, suggests that different pitches are heard because various sound waves activate specific locations along the cochlea's basilar membrane. The brain determines the pitch of a sound by...
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Enhancing Electrode Location Assessment in Cochlear Implantation via Computed Tomography Image Fusion
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Frequency-place map for electrical stimulation in cochlear implants: Change over time.

Katrien Vermeire1, David M Landsberger2, Paul H Van de Heyning3

  • 1C. Doppler Laboratory for Active Implantable Systems, Institute of Ion Physics and Applied Physics, University of Innsbruck, Technikerstraße 25, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; Univ. Dept. of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Antwerp, University of Antwerp, Wilrijkstraat 10, 2650 Edegem, Belgium.

Hearing Research
|April 4, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cochlear implant electrical stimulation pitch perception was studied before and after processor use. Pre-activation pitch perception differed from predictions, but no significant pitch shifts occurred over time, suggesting easier integration of electric and acoustic hearing.

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Area of Science:

  • Auditory Neuroscience
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Otolaryngology

Background:

  • The relationship between cochlear implant electrode location and perceived pitch is not fully understood.
  • Perceptual verification is challenging due to the need for both a cochlear implant and residual hearing for comparisons.
  • Auditory system adaptation to sound processors may alter pitch perception over time.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the pitch perception of electrical stimulation from cochlear implants at specific electrode locations.
  • To evaluate how pitch perception changes over time with experience using a cochlear implant sound processor.
  • To compare pre-activation pitch perception with established frequency-to-electrode maps.

Main Methods:

  • Five participants with cochlear implants and normal hearing in the contralateral ear were studied.
  • Pitch matches were made between single-electrode pulse trains and acoustic tones before sound processor activation.
  • Pitch matches were repeated after 1, 3, 6, and 12 months of processor use to assess adaptation.

Main Results:

  • Pre-activation pitch matches were lower than predicted by spiral ganglion pitch maps, with largest deviations below 240° and smallest above 480°.
  • Pitch matches showed a trend towards frequency-to-electrode allocation with experience.
  • No statistically significant pitch shifts were observed over the 12-month period.

Conclusions:

  • Pre-activation pitch perception provides a baseline that may differ from theoretical predictions.
  • Minimal pitch shifts over time suggest limited perceptual remapping is needed for integrating electric and acoustic stimuli.
  • This finding may contribute to faster adaptation and achievement of asymptotic performance in cochlear implant users.