Simultaneous occurrence of two squamous cell carcinomas developing in a nevus sebaceous

Area of Science:

• Dermatology
• Oncology
• Pathology

Background:

• Nevus sebaceous (NS), a congenital hamartoma, typically affects the head and neck.
• NS lesions are static in infancy but grow during puberty, posing cosmetic and oncologic risks in adulthood.
• The association of NS with benign and malignant neoplasms is established, with basal cell carcinoma being most common.

Observation:

• Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) development within NS is exceptionally rare.
• Simultaneous multiple malignant tumors in a single NS are infrequently reported.
• A case of a 42-year-old female presenting with two distinct SCCs within one NS lesion is detailed.

Findings:

• This review and case report underscore the potential for rare malignant transformations within NS.
• The occurrence of two simultaneous SCCs in a single NS highlights an unusual presentation.
• The findings contribute to the understanding of NS oncogenesis and clinical management.

Implications:

• Clinicians should maintain a high index of suspicion for malignancy in adult NS patients.
• Early detection and management of neoplasms in NS are crucial for patient outcomes.
• Further research into the pathogenesis of NS-associated malignancies may improve diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.