Body weight-associated differences in ovarian morphology in captive common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus)

Area of Science:

• Reproductive Biology
• Primate Endocrinology
• Comparative Physiology

Background:

• Captive common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus) are heavier and have more triplets than wild counterparts.
• Ovarian differences may contribute to reproductive variations in captive primates.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate potential weight-related morphometric differences in marmoset ovaries.
• To correlate ovarian structures with body weight and key hormones.

Main Methods:

• Morphometric analysis of ovaries from 48 young adult marmosets.
• Comparison of luteal structures, follicles, and stroma with body weight, triglycerides, androstenedione, and estrogens.

Main Results:

• Higher body weight and plasma triglycerides were associated with the presence of large luteal cells.
• Elevated androstenedione levels correlated with large luteal cells, suggesting them as a primary source.
• Ovaries with large luteal cells showed reduced primordial follicles, increased atresia, and accelerated luteinization.

Conclusions:

• Body weight and triglycerides may influence luteinization in marmoset ovaries.
• Large luteal cells appear to be a significant source of androstenedione.
• Ovarian environment with large luteal cells may accelerate but impair follicular growth.