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Evaluation of Renal Artery Anomalies Associated with Horseshoe Kidney Using CT Angiography

Tamaki Ichikawa1, Keisuke Tanno, Tomohisa Okochi

  • 1Department of Radiology, Tokai University School of Medicine, 143 Shimokasuya, Isehara, kanagawa 259-1193, Japan. tamaki-i@is.icc.u-tokai.ac.jp. or tamaki-i@mars.sannet.ne.jp.

The Tokai Journal of Experimental and Clinical Medicine
|April 7, 2015
PubMed

Insights

Horseshoe kidney (HSK) patients frequently exhibit supernumerary renal arteries, often larger than 3 mm. This contrasts with normal kidney (NK) patients, highlighting a significant difference in renal artery anatomy.

Area of Science:

  • Urology
  • Radiology
  • Anatomy

Background:

  • Horseshoe kidney (HSK) is a congenital anomaly affecting renal anatomy.
  • Understanding variations in renal vasculature is crucial for surgical planning and interventional procedures.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the incidence of supernumerary renal arteries in patients with horseshoe kidney (HSK).
  • To compare the number and diameter of supernumerary renal arteries between HSK and normal kidney (NK) patients using computed tomographic angiography (CTA).

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of CTA scans from 39 HSK patients and 103 NK patients.
  • Utilized multiplanar reconstruction, maximum intensity projection, and volume-rendered images for detailed assessment.
  • Compared the incidence of supernumerary and large (>3 mm) supernumerary renal arteries using a chi-square test.

Main Results:

  • HSK patients had a higher mean number of renal arteries (3.87) compared to NK patients (2.41).
  • The incidence of supernumerary arteries was 92.3% in HSK versus 33% in NK patients.
  • Large supernumerary arteries (>3 mm) were found in 69.2% of HSK patients compared to 8.7% of NK patients, with statistically significant differences (p < 0.001).

Conclusions:

  • Supernumerary and large supernumerary renal arteries are common findings in HSK patients.
  • CTA is effective in visualizing these vascular variations in HSK.
  • These findings have implications for urological and surgical interventions in HSK patients.
Abstract

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