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Published on: June 23, 2013
Investigations of bone marrow dyscrasia in a poodle with macrocytosis
1Department of Veterinary Pathology, University of Sydney, Australia.
Abstract:
A poodle-type dog with bone marrow dyscrasia and macrocytosis was investigated by clinicopathological, cytological and ultrastructural means. Peripheral blood analysis revealed macrocytosis and the presence of nucleated erythroid cells, some with nuclear/cytoplasmic asynchrony. Tendencies towards neutropenia and granulocytic hypersegmentation were observed. Bone marrow examination revealed low normal myeloid to erythroid ratio, the presence of megaloblasts and some giant metamyelocytes. In addition, there were abnormal mitoses, binuclearity and multinuclearity, incomplete nuclear membranes and nuclear clefts, intracytoplasmic parallel-sided membranes and apparent degenerate erythroid cells. Blood biochemical tests indicated normal to high concentrations of serum vitamin B12, serum folate and red cell folate. Transcobalamin I/IIIB12-binding capacity was similar to values for normal dogs, but transcobalamin II-binding capacity appeared high. It was concluded that the condition had similarities to both congenital dyserythropoietic disorders and true megaloblastic conditions, but until further investigations are reported it might be wise to refer to it as "bone marrow dyscrasia" in poodles.
Insights
This study investigated bone marrow dyscrasia in a poodle, revealing abnormal red blood cell development and unique ultrastructural findings. The condition shares features with congenital disorders and megaloblastic anemia, warranting further research.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Hematology
- Canine Pathology
- Cell Biology
Background:
- Investigated a poodle exhibiting bone marrow dyscrasia and macrocytosis.
- Utilized clinicopathological, cytological, and ultrastructural methodologies.
Observation:
- Peripheral blood showed macrocytosis, nucleated erythroid cells with nuclear/cytoplasmic asynchrony, neutropenia, and granulocytic hypersegmentation.
- Bone marrow revealed megaloblasts, giant metamyelocytes, abnormal mitoses, binuclearity, multinuclearity, and incomplete nuclear membranes.
- Biochemical tests indicated normal to high vitamin B12 and folate levels, with elevated transcobalamin II-binding capacity.
Findings:
- The poodle presented with a complex bone marrow dyscrasia.
- Ultrastructural analysis identified unique cellular abnormalities within erythroid precursors.
- Biochemical markers did not fully align with typical megaloblastic conditions.
Implications:
- The condition resembles congenital dyserythropoietic disorders and true megaloblastic anemias.
- Further investigation is needed to fully characterize this unique canine hematological disorder.
- Proposed referring to the condition as "bone marrow dyscrasia" in poodles pending further research.
