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Related Concept Videos

Dementia01:30

Dementia

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Dementia is a collective term for cognitive disorders primarily affecting memory, thinking, and reasoning. It is not a specific disease but a syndrome, with Alzheimer's disease being the most common cause, accounting for approximately 60-80% of cases. Other types include vascular dementia, Lewy body dementia, and frontotemporal dementia. Dementia affects millions worldwide, particularly older adults, though it is not a normal part of aging.
The progression of dementia is generally gradual....
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Alzheimer's Disease: Overview01:26

Alzheimer's Disease: Overview

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Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a continually advancing neurodegenerative disorder, distinguished by escalating memory loss, cognitive dysfunction, and dementia. The disease unfolds in three stages: preclinical, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and dementia. Its onset is insidious, and the progression gradual, with the cause not well explained by other disorders.
The clinical diagnosis of AD hinges on the presence of memory and other cognitive impairments. Biomarkers, such as changes in Aβ...
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Association Areas of the Cortex01:21

Association Areas of the Cortex

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Association areas are regions of the cerebral cortex that do not have a specific sensory or motor function. Instead, they integrate and interpret information from various sources to enable higher cognitive processes such as memory, learning, and decision-making. Some key association areas include the following:
Prefrontal Association Area: This area is located in the frontal lobe and is involved in planning, decision-making, and moderating social behavior. It connects with primary motor areas,...
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Role of Cerebellum and Prefrontal Cortex in Memory01:14

Role of Cerebellum and Prefrontal Cortex in Memory

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The cerebellum, while traditionally associated with motor control, also plays a crucial role in memory, particularly in procedural memory, which involves learning motor tasks that become automatic through repetition. For example, studies have shown that when the cerebellum is damaged, individuals or animals lose the ability to learn conditioned motor responses, such as the conditioned eye-blink response in classical conditioning experiments with rabbits. This study demonstrates the...
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Visual Agnosia01:12

Visual Agnosia

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Visual agnosia is a condition characterized by the inability to recognize visually presented objects despite having normal vision. For instance, a person with visual agnosia can describe the shape and color of an object but cannot identify or name it. This impairment does not affect their visual field, acuity, color vision, brightness discrimination, language, or memory. An example of this condition in a social setting is someone at a dinner party asking for "that silver thing with a round...
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Cognitive Development During Adulthood01:30

Cognitive Development During Adulthood

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Cognitive development continues throughout adulthood, undergoing significant shifts across early, middle, and late stages. Individual transition occurs from adolescent idealism to pragmatic and adaptable thinking in early adulthood. During this period, individuals learn to integrate personal beliefs with the recognition that other perspectives are equally valid. Exposure to the complexities of modern society, diverse experiences, and higher education contribute to this adaptive thought process,...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 15, 2026

Abbiategrasso Brain Bank Protocol for Collecting, Processing and Characterizing Aging Brains
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[Current concepts regarding cortical dementia].

Shun Shimohama1

  • 1Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Sapporo Medical University.

Brain and Nerve = Shinkei Kenkyu No Shinpo
|April 8, 2015
PubMed
Summary

This review explores cortical dementia, focusing on Alzheimer's disease (AD) and frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD). It details diagnostic criteria, clinical symptoms, and recent advancements in understanding these neurodegenerative conditions.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Neurology
  • Pathology

Context:

  • Dementia presents in various diseases during presenile and senile stages.
  • Cortical dementia is a key feature of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD).
  • FTLD encompasses subtypes like frontotemporal dementia (FTD), progressive non-fluent aphasia (PNFA), and semantic dementia (SD).

Purpose:

  • To provide a comprehensive overview of cortical dementia.
  • To discuss historical evolution of the disease concept.
  • To outline diagnostic characteristics, clinical manifestations, and recent research.

Summary:

  • This article reviews cortical dementia, highlighting AD and FTLD as primary causes.
  • It covers diagnostic features, including pathology and imaging, and clinical symptoms linked to specific cortical functions.

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  • Recent developments and other related dementia topics are also discussed.

    • Impact:

    • Enhances understanding of cortical dementia subtypes and their clinical presentations.
    • Provides a valuable resource for clinicians and researchers in neurology and neuroscience.
    • Facilitates improved diagnosis and management strategies for patients with dementia.