Related Experiment Video
Updated: Apr 15, 2026

07:17
Non-equilibrium Microwave Plasma for Efficient High Temperature Chemistry
Published on: August 1, 2017
13.3K
Short-wavelength plasma turbulence and temperature anisotropy instabilities: recent computational progress
1Space Science Institute, Boulder, CO, USA pgary@spacescience.org.
Summary
This review explores short-wavelength plasma turbulence and temperature anisotropy instabilities using computational results. It examines how these phenomena, crucial at small scales, interact and influence plasma behavior.
Area of Science:
- Plasma Physics
- Astrophysics
- Space Physics
Background:
- Plasma turbulence involves broadband fluctuations driven by multi-wave interactions.
- Temperature anisotropy instabilities arise from wave-particle interactions, creating narrowband fluctuations.
- Short-wavelength fluctuations are critical where charged particle kinetic properties dominate, near ion scales.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review and interpret recent computational findings on short-wavelength plasma turbulence.
- To summarize results concerning short-wavelength temperature anisotropy instabilities.
- To explore the relationships between plasma turbulence and these instabilities.
Main Methods:
- Computational simulations of plasma behavior.
- Analysis of wave-particle interactions.
- Interpretation of simulation data for turbulence and instabilities.
Main Results:
- Short-wavelength turbulence is characterized by broadband fluctuations.
- Temperature anisotropy instabilities produce narrowband fluctuations.
- These phenomena are interconnected, especially at kinetic scales.
Conclusions:
- Computational studies provide key insights into short-wavelength plasma phenomena.
- Understanding these interactions is vital for describing collisionless plasmas.
- Future research should continue to explore these complex relationships.
Related Concept Videos
Turbulent Flow
949
Turbulent flow is characterized by unpredictable fluctuations in velocity and pressure, which result in a chaotic fluid movement distinct from the orderly patterns of laminar flow. While laminar flow is governed by smooth, parallel layers with minimal mixing, turbulent flow exhibits highly irregular, three-dimensional patterns. This behavior arises due to instabilities in the fluid's velocity profile, and amplifies as the flow velocity increases. Minor disturbances, known as turbulent...
949
Atomic Spectroscopy: Effects of Temperature
1.2K
Atomization, converting samples into gas-phase atoms and ions, is essential for atomic spectroscopy. The flame temperature required for atomization affects the efficiency of the atomic spectroscopic methods by increasing the atomization efficiency and the relative population of the excited and ground states.
At thermal equilibrium, the relative populations of excited and ground state atoms can be estimated using the Maxwell–Boltzmann distribution. For example, an increase in temperature...
At thermal equilibrium, the relative populations of excited and ground state atoms can be estimated using the Maxwell–Boltzmann distribution. For example, an increase in temperature...
1.2K
Laminar and Turbulent Flow
12.1K
Fluid dynamics is the study of fluids in motion. Velocity vectors are often used to illustrate fluid motion in applications like meteorology. For example, wind—the fluid motion of air in the atmosphere—can be represented by vectors indicating the speed and direction of the wind at any given point on a map. Another method for representing fluid motion is a streamline. A streamline represents the path of a small volume of fluid as it flows. When the flow pattern changes with time, the...
12.1K
Entropy
38.2K
Salt particles that have dissolved in water never spontaneously come back together in solution to reform solid particles. Moreover, a gas that has expanded in a vacuum remains dispersed and never spontaneously reassembles. The unidirectional nature of these phenomena is the result of a thermodynamic state function called entropy (S). Entropy is the measure of the extent to which the energy is dispersed throughout a system, or in other words, it is proportional to the degree of disorder of a...
38.2K
Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Spin State Population Distribution
2.6K
Near absolute zero temperatures, in the presence of a magnetic field, the majority of nuclei prefer the lower energy spin-up state to the higher energy spin-down state. As temperatures increase, the energy from thermal collisions distributes the spins more equally between the two states. The Boltzmann distribution equation gives the ratio of the number of spins predicted in the spin −½ (N−) and spin +½ (N+) states.
2.6K
Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Interference
771
In atomic emission spectroscopy (AES), high-temperature atomizers excite a broad range of elements and molecules that generate complex emissions from sources such as oxides, hydroxides, and flame combustion products in the flame or plasma. Several strategies can be employed to minimize spectral interferences caused by overlapping emission lines or bands. These include increasing instrument resolution, choosing alternative emission lines, optimally placing the detector in low-background regions,...
771

