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Updated: Apr 15, 2026

Drug-Induced Sleep Endoscopy DISE with Target Controlled Infusion TCI and Bispectral Analysis in Obstructive Sleep Apnea
Published on: December 6, 2016
[Sedation for fiberoptic bronchoscopy: review of the literature]
Özlem Kar Kurt1, Fahrettin Talay, Aysel Karğı
1Department of Chest Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Abant Izzet Baysal University, Bolu, Turkey. aghhozlem@yahoo.com.
Abstract:
Fiberoptic bronchoscopy (FOB) is a procedure which has an important role in the diagnosis and treatment of lung diseases and is widely used in clinical practice. It is an invasive procedure and can cause cough, shortness of breath, nose and throat irritation. Stress during bronchoscopy can cause release of catecholamines, which may lead to tachycardia, vasoconstriction and possible myocardial ischemia in patients with impaired cardiopulmonary function. Current guidelines for bronchoscopy recommend offering sedation to patients, with the aim of improving patient comfort and reducing complications. For this purpose, the most frequently used sedatives are benzodiazepines, opioids, propofol and fospropofol which are either administered alone or in combination. In this review, we aimed to evaluate various drugs used for sedation during bronchoscopy.
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