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Related Concept Videos

Effects of feedback01:24

Effects of feedback

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Feedback in control systems plays a critical role in shaping various operational parameters, extending beyond simple error reduction to influence stability, bandwidth, gain, impedance, and sensitivity. Understanding these effects requires examining a basic feedback system characterized by defined input, output, error, and feedback signals.
Feedback significantly modifies the gain of a control system. The gain of a system without feedback is altered by a factor of one plus GH, where G represents...
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Computerized Dynamic Posturography for Postural Control Assessment in Patients with Intermittent Claudication
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Arm dominance affects feedforward strategy more than feedback sensitivity during a postural task.

Elise H E Walker1, Eric J Perreault

  • 1Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA, ewalk87@u.northwestern.edu.

Experimental Brain Research
|April 9, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Arm dominance influences motor control, with the nondominant arm showing greater reflex responses due to voluntary activity, not reflex sensitivity differences. Feedforward strategies are key for postural stability across arms.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Motor Control
  • Human Physiology

Background:

  • Human handedness, or arm dominance, is a complex motor control trait with incompletely understood mechanisms.
  • Cerebral cortex lateralization is proposed to explain behavioral asymmetries: dominant arm for predictive control, nondominant for impedance control.
  • Long-latency stretch reflexes are crucial automatic postural regulators contributing to limb impedance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of arm dominance in long-latency stretch reflexes during postural tasks.
  • To determine if stretch reflexes contribute to asymmetric upper limb motor behavior.
  • To compare reflex responses and sensitivity between dominant and nondominant arms during impedance control.

Main Methods:

  • Examined long-latency stretch reflexes in biarticular muscles during a postural task requiring varied impedance control.
  • Measured reflex responses and background muscle activity in both dominant and nondominant arms.
  • Analyzed reflex sensitivity by matching background activity levels between arms across a broad age range (23-51 years).

Main Results:

  • Nondominant arm showed slightly larger reflex responses, attributed to higher voluntary background activity, not intrinsic reflex sensitivity.
  • Reflex sensitivity was not significantly different between arms in the general population.
  • A subset of participants under 40 showed a trend towards increased nondominant arm reflex sensitivity.

Conclusions:

  • Feedforward postural strategies, rather than feedback reflex sensitivity, primarily explain inter-arm differences in motor control for most adults.
  • Voluntary background activity plays a significant role in observed reflex differences between arms.
  • Further research is needed to explore potential age-related changes in reflex lateralization and its developmental influence.