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Uric acid excretion in children with urolithiasis
L A Miller1, H N Noe, F B Stapleton
1Department of Pediatrics, University of Tennessee, Memphis.
The Journal of Pediatrics
|December 1, 1989
Summary
Excessive urinary uric acid is rarely a risk factor for pediatric urolithiasis. Studies show uric acid excretion levels are similar across different types of kidney stones in children.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Nephrology
- Urology
- Metabolic Disorders
Background:
- Urolithiasis is a significant health concern in children.
- Hyperuricuria, or excessive uric acid in urine, is a potential risk factor for stone formation.
- Understanding uric acid excretion patterns is crucial for managing pediatric kidney stones.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate whether hyperuricuria is a risk factor in children diagnosed with urolithiasis.
- To compare uric acid excretion in children with different types of kidney stones, including calcium oxalate and uric acid stones.
- To assess the impact of dietary sodium on uric acid excretion in children with hypercalciuria.
Main Methods:
- Assessed urinary uric acid excretion in 38 children with urolithiasis.
- Measured uric acid excretion per deciliter of glomerular filtration rate and fractional excretion.
- Analyzed stone composition and patient demographics, including cases of cystinosis.
Main Results:
- Urinary uric acid excretion and fractional excretion were similar in children with hypercalciuria and calcium oxalate stones, idiopathic calcium oxalate urolithiasis, and uric acid urolithiasis.
- No children with calcium urolithiasis exhibited excessive urinary uric acid excretion.
- Dietary sodium increase did not significantly alter uric acid excretion in children with hypercalciuria.
Conclusions:
- Excessive urinary uric acid excretion is infrequently an additional risk factor in pediatric calcium urolithiasis.
- Dietary sodium chloride does not appear to strongly influence urinary uric acid excretion in children with hypercalciuria.