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Disagreeing in context.

Teresa Marques1

  • 1Law Department, Philosophy of Law Area, Universitat Pompeu Fabra Barcelona, Spain.

Frontiers in Psychology
|April 9, 2015
PubMed
Summary

This paper explains resilient disagreements about taste and values by supplementing semantic contextualism. It argues that conflicts in non-doxastic attitudes, rooted in response-dependent properties and evolved coordination systems, are key to understanding these persistent disputes.

Keywords:
conflicting attitudescontextualism in semanticsde nobis attitudesdisagreementdispositional evaluative properties

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Area of Science:

  • Philosophy of Language
  • Semantics
  • Pragmatics

Background:

  • Semantic contextualism addresses predicates of personal taste and evaluative terms.
  • Existing contextualist accounts face the 'lost disagreement' problem.
  • Previous solutions appeal to pragmatic processes and conflicting non-doxastic attitudes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To offer a novel supplementation to semantic contextualism for taste and evaluative predicates.
  • To explain the persistence of disagreement despite contextualist explanations.
  • To identify the underlying reasons for resilient disagreements in evaluative language.

Main Methods:

  • Critique of existing contextualist solutions for taste predicates.
  • Development of a supplementary contextualist framework.
  • Analysis of failed presuppositions of commonality, disputes over standards, and conflicting non-doxastic attitudes.

Main Results:

  • Existing contextualist solutions are incomplete and subject to objections.
  • Conflicts of attitudes explain the impression of disagreement even with failed commonality presuppositions.
  • Conflicting non-doxastic attitudes drive metalinguistic disputes over contextually salient standards.

Conclusions:

  • Disagreements persist because taste and value properties are response-dependent.
  • These properties are often involved in evolved coordination systems responding to recurrent situations.
  • A two-fold explanation involving response-dependence and evolved coordination systems is proposed.