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Cannabinoid CB1 Receptor Agonists Do Not Decrease, but may Increase Acoustic Trauma-Induced Tinnitus in Rats.

Yiwen Zheng1, Peter Reid1, Paul F Smith1

  • 1Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Otago , Dunedin , New Zealand ; Brain Health Research Centre, School of Medical Sciences, University of Otago , Dunedin , New Zealand.

Frontiers in Neurology
|April 9, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cannabinoids like delta-9-THC and CBD may worsen tinnitus, especially in those with hearing damage. This study found that cannabinoids increased tinnitus in rats with acoustic trauma, suggesting a potential risk for tinnitus development.

Keywords:
acoustic traumacannabidiolcannabinoidsdelta-9-tetrahydrocannabinolrattinnitus

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Pharmacology
  • Auditory Science

Background:

  • Tinnitus is often linked to hyperactivity in auditory brain regions.
  • Anti-epileptic drugs are explored for tinnitus relief.
  • Cannabinoids, including delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (delta-9-THC) and cannabidiol (CBD), show anti-epileptic properties, but their role in tinnitus treatment is debated.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effect of a 1:1 combination of delta-9-THC and CBD on tinnitus perception in a rat model.
  • To determine if cannabinoids influence the development or exacerbation of tinnitus following acoustic trauma.

Main Methods:

  • Rats were subjected to acoustic trauma or sham treatment.
  • Animals received either a vehicle or a delta-9-THC + CBD combination (1:1 ratio) daily.
  • Tinnitus perception was assessed behaviorally before drug administration.
  • Auditory brainstem response (ABR) was measured to confirm hearing loss.

Main Results:

  • Acoustic trauma induced hearing loss, evidenced by increased ABR thresholds, with partial recovery over six months.
  • Cannabinoid treatment significantly increased the number of tinnitus-affected animals within the acoustic trauma-exposed group.
  • No significant increase in tinnitus was observed in the sham-treated group receiving cannabinoids.

Conclusions:

  • Cannabinoids, specifically a delta-9-THC and CBD combination, may promote the development of tinnitus.
  • The risk appears higher in individuals with pre-existing hearing damage.
  • Further research is needed to understand the mechanisms and clinical implications of cannabinoid use in tinnitus management.