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Updated: Apr 15, 2026

Multimodal Bioluminescent and Positronic-emission Tomography/Computational Tomography Imaging of Multiple Myeloma Bone Marrow Xenografts in NOG Mice
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Central neurotoxicity of immunomodulatory drugs in multiple myeloma

Urmeel H Patel1, Muhammad A Mir1, Jeffrey K Sivik1

  • 1Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute , Hershey, PA, USA.

Hematology Reports
|April 9, 2015
PubMed

Immunomodulatory drugs (IMiDs) currently used in the treatment of multiple myeloma, are thalidomide, lenalidomide and pomalidomide. One of the most common side effects of thalidomide is neurotoxicity, predominantly in the form of peripheral neuropathy. We report 6 cases of significant central neurotoxicity associated with IMiD therapy. Treatment with thalidomide (1 patient), lenalidomide (4 patients), and pomalidomide (1 patient) was associated with various clinical manifestations of central neurotoxicity, including reversible coma, amnesia, expressive aphasia, and dysarthria. Central neurotoxicity should be recognized as an important side effect of IMiD therapy.

Keywords:
central neurotoxicityimmunomodulatory drugslenalidomidemultiple myelomapomalidomidethalidomide

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