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Acute kidney injury due to decompression illness
Andrea Viecelli1, Jagadish Jamboti2, Andrew Waring3
1Department of Nephrology , Fremantle Hospital , Perth, WA , Australia.
Clinical Kidney Journal
|April 9, 2015
Summary
Decompression illness can cause acute kidney injury due to arterial air emboli after rapid ascents. Prompt hyperbaric therapy is crucial for recovery from diving-related kidney complications.
Area of Science:
- Diving Medicine
- Nephrology
- Emergency Medicine
Background:
- Decompression illness (DCI) results from gas bubble formation during diving.
- Kidney injury is an uncommon but severe manifestation of DCI.
Purpose of the Study:
- To report the first case of acute kidney injury (AKI) in a diver due to arterial air emboli.
- To highlight the importance of timely hyperbaric therapy for DCI with renal involvement.
Main Methods:
- Case report of a 27-year-old diver with symptoms after rapid ascents.
- Clinical presentation, laboratory findings (peak creatinine 1210 µmol/L), and treatment (oxygen, hyperbaric therapy) were documented.
Main Results:
- The diver experienced transient neurological symptoms and abdominal pain, followed by rapidly progressive AKI.
- Treatment with supportive care, 100% oxygen, and hyperbaric therapy led to full recovery.
Conclusions:
- Arterial air emboli from rapid decompression can cause multi-organ effects, including kidney damage.
- Delayed presentation of complications necessitates early transfer to a hyperbaric facility for DCI management.
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