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Related Concept Videos

Epigenetic Regulation01:46

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Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
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Epigenetic changes alter the physical structure of the DNA without changing the genetic sequence and often regulate whether genes are turned on or off. This regulation ensures that each cell produces only proteins necessary for its function. For example, proteins that promote bone growth are not produced in muscle cells. Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
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The histone proteins have a flexible N-terminal tail extending out from the nucleosome. These histone tails are often subjected to post-translational modifications such as acetylation, methylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination. Particular combinations of these modifications form “histone codes” that influence the chromatin folding and tissue-specific gene expression.
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Repressing Gene Transcription by Redirecting Cellular Machinery with Chemical Epigenetic Modifiers
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What do you mean, "epigenetic"?

Carrie Deans1, Keith A Maggert2

  • 1Department of Entomology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843 cadeans@tamu.edu.

Genetics
|April 10, 2015
PubMed
Summary

The field of epigenetics lacks a clear definition, leading to communication challenges across scientific disciplines. This review analyzes historical definitions and proposes solutions for a unified understanding of epigenetics.

Keywords:
epigenetic inheritancegene expressionmaternal effectstransgenerational

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Area of Science:

  • Epigenetics
  • Molecular Biology
  • Ecology
  • Physiology

Background:

  • Epigenetics has gained significant traction in various scientific fields and popular culture.
  • A lack of a unified definition for epigenetics hinders research and interdisciplinary communication.
  • Discrepancies in defining epigenetics impact methodologies and data interpretation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the historical evolution of epigenetic definitions.
  • To analyze the components of various epigenetic definitions.
  • To propose solutions for clarifying the definition of epigenetics and mitigating ambiguity.

Main Methods:

  • Historical literature review of epigenetic definitions.
  • Comparative analysis of different epigenetic concepts.
  • Synthesis of existing research to identify common themes and discrepancies.

Main Results:

  • Multiple, often conflicting, definitions of epigenetics exist.
  • Definitions range from gene expression changes to transgenerational inheritance.
  • Ambiguity in definition complicates research synthesis and methodology.

Conclusions:

  • A clear, unified definition of epigenetics is crucial for scientific progress.
  • Standardizing terminology will improve research reproducibility and interdisciplinary collaboration.
  • Addressing definitional ambiguities will foster more robust epigenetic studies.