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Language Development

Language Development

Children master language quickly and with relative ease, supported by both biological predisposition and reinforcement. B. F. Skinner (1957) proposed that language is learned through reinforcement, while Noam Chomsky (1965) argued that language acquisition mechanisms are biologically determined.
The critical period for language acquisition suggests that the ability to acquire language is at its peak early in life. As people age, this proficiency decreases. Language development begins very...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 15, 2026

Systematic Hearing Performance Evaluation Process for Adolescents with Cochlear Implantation at Early Ages

Systematic Hearing Performance Evaluation Process for Adolescents with Cochlear Implantation at Early Ages

Published on: March 24, 2023

Improving behavior using child-directed interaction skills: A case study determining cochlear implant candidacy.

Allison Weinstein, Jason F Jent, Ivette Cejas

Cochlear Implants International

|April 10, 2015

Summary

Parent-Child Interaction Therapy (PCIT) effectively reduced externalizing behaviors in a child with hearing loss (HL), enabling audiological testing for cochlear implant candidacy and improving psychosocial outcomes.

Keywords:

Child behavior problems Child-directed interaction Cochlear implant Hearing loss Parent training Parent–child interaction therapy

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Area of Science:

Pediatric audiology
Behavioral therapy
Child development

Background:

Children with hearing loss (HL) face higher risks of externalizing behavior problems, impacting development.
Evidence-based interventions for this population are limited.

Observation:

A 6-year-old boy with bilateral HL exhibited significant behavioral challenges hindering audiological testing.
These behaviors included fatigue, poor attention, and hyperactivity, complicating cochlear implant evaluation.

Findings:

Parent-Child Interaction Therapy (PCIT), specifically the Child-Directed Interaction phase, was adapted for a child with HL.
The tailored PCIT intervention successfully reduced disruptive behaviors to normal levels.
This behavioral improvement allowed for the completion of audiological testing and cochlear implant candidacy determination.

Implications:

Tailored PCIT offers a viable intervention for managing externalizing behaviors in children with HL.
Successful behavioral management can improve medical and psychosocial outcomes for children with HL and their families.
This approach highlights the importance of addressing behavioral challenges to facilitate critical medical evaluations.