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Gender difference in N170 elicited under oddball task.

Damee Choi, Yuka Egashira, Jun'ya Takakura

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    Females show distinct early facial processing differences compared to males, particularly when actively responding to emotional faces. Task demand influences these gender differences in the N170 event-related potential component.

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    Area of Science:

    • Cognitive Neuroscience
    • Psychophysiology

    Background:

    • Previous research indicates potential gender disparities in the N170, a face-specific event-related potential (ERP).
    • The influence of task demands on these gender differences in early facial processing remains unclear.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate gender differences in the N170 component.
    • To clarify the role of task demand in modulating gender differences in early facial processing using an oddball paradigm.

    Main Methods:

    • Participants (12 males, 10 females) performed an oddball task, distinguishing emotional target faces from neutral non-target faces.
    • N170 amplitudes were recorded in response to both target and non-target stimuli.
    • Reaction times were measured for target identification.

    Main Results:

    • Both genders exhibited clear N170 responses to faces.
    • Females displayed a significantly more negative N170 amplitude for target faces compared to non-target faces.
    • Males did not show significant differences in N170 amplitude between target and non-target faces.

    Conclusions:

    • Female participants demonstrated heightened attention allocation to faces during active engagement (target) versus passive viewing (non-target).
    • These findings support the hypothesis that task demand is a critical factor influencing gender-related variations in N170 responses.
    • Early facial processing, as indexed by N170, is modulated by both gender and task engagement.