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Area of Science:

  • Neuroimaging
  • Neuroscience
  • Addiction Research

Background:

  • Default Mode Network (DMN) connectivity is poorly understood in heroin-dependent individuals (HDIs).
  • Previous research has not comprehensively examined both structural and functional DMN connectivity in HDIs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate structural and functional connectivity within the DMN in HDIs.
  • To explore the relationship between DMN connectivity, duration of heroin use, and decision-making performance.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized diffusion-tensor imaging (DTI) and resting-state functional MRI (rs-fMRI) in 14 HDIs and 14 controls.
  • Examined structural (FA, MD, tract count) and functional (temporal correlation) DMN connectivity.
  • Correlated imaging findings with duration of heroin use and Iowa Gambling Task (IGT) performance.

Main Results:

  • HDIs showed reduced fractional anisotropy (FA) and increased mean diffusivity (MD) in specific DMN tracts (PCC/PCUN to PHG).
  • Decreased FA, track count, and functional connectivity were observed between PCC/PCUN and MPFC in HDIs.
  • Reduced FA in key tracts correlated negatively with duration of heroin use.
  • Functional connectivity and FA in the PCC/MPFC tract positively correlated with IGT performance.

Conclusions:

  • Both structural and functional connectivity within the DMN are significantly disturbed in HDIs.
  • These DMN disturbances intensify with increased duration of heroin use.
  • Altered DMN connectivity in HDIs is linked to impaired decision-making abilities.