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Biomonitoring Equivalents for interpretation of urinary fluoride
L L Aylward1, S M Hays2, A Vezina3
1Summit Toxicology, LLP, Falls Church, VA, USA.
Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology : RTP
|April 12, 2015
Summary
Biomonitoring Equivalents (BEs) for fluoride in urine were developed for US and Canadian exposure guidance values. These BEs help assess population fluoride exposure but are not ideal for interpreting individual urine samples.
Area of Science:
- Environmental Health
- Toxicology
- Public Health
Background:
- Fluoride exposure is common through natural sources, water fluoridation, and dental products for caries prevention.
- Excess fluoride intake can lead to dental fluorosis and skeletal fragility.
- Risk assessments and guidance values for fluoride exposure have been established by various organizations.
Purpose of the Study:
- To derive Biomonitoring Equivalents (BEs) for urinary fluoride.
- To establish BEs corresponding to US and Canadian fluoride exposure guidance values.
Main Methods:
- Reviewed literature on daily urinary fluoride excretion rates in relation to daily fluoride exposure.
- Derived BE values for fluoride in urine based on existing exposure guidance values.
Main Results:
- Derived BE values for urinary fluoride range from 1.1 to 2.1 mg/L (1.2-2.5 μg/g creatinine).
- Urinary fluoride concentrations can vary significantly in individuals due to physiological factors and rapid elimination.
Conclusions:
- The derived BE values are suitable for screening population-level biomarker concentrations.
- BE values are not recommended for interpreting individual urinary fluoride spot samples due to high variability.
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