Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

CNS Depressants: Alcohol and Nicotine01:27

CNS Depressants: Alcohol and Nicotine

1.7K
Ethanol, a clear colorless alcohol, has been consumed by humans for millennia, but its effects on the body are far from benign. At lower doses, it induces decreased inhibitions and loquaciousness, leading to its social appeal. However, it can cause severe consequences at higher doses, such as coma and respiratory depression, due to its zero-order elimination kinetics. Chronic ethanol abuse wreaks havoc on multiple organ systems, particularly the CNS and the liver. Abrupt cessation of ethanol...
1.7K
Stimulants01:29

Stimulants

1.4K
Stimulants are substances that enhance neural activity and elevate dopamine levels in the brain, leading to their highly addictive nature. These drugs include cocaine, amphetamines, MDMA, caffeine, and nicotine, each with distinct mechanisms of action and varied health implications.
Cocaine can be administered via snorting, injection, or smoking. It primarily functions by blocking the reuptake of dopamine, resulting in a euphoric high characterized by an intense sensation of happiness and...
1.4K
Experimental Designs01:16

Experimental Designs

18.6K
An experimental design is a systematic process that allows researchers to evaluate the relationship between dependent and independent variables. There are three widely used types of experimental design - pre-experimental design, true experimental design, and quasi-experimental design. In pre-experimental design, the researcher compares the data before and after some interventions or treatments. The true-experimental design has more than one purposefully created group, a commonly measured...
18.6K
Cognitive Theories: Schachter-Singer Theory of Emotion01:20

Cognitive Theories: Schachter-Singer Theory of Emotion

2.5K
Stanley Schachter and Jerome Singer proposed the two-factor theory of emotion, which emphasizes the interplay between physiological arousal and cognitive labeling in forming emotional experiences. This theory suggests that emotions are not simply a result of physiological responses but rather a combination of these responses and the individual's cognitive interpretation of them.
Physiological Arousal and Cognitive Labeling
According to this theory, when an individual experiences...
2.5K
CNS Stimulants: Cocaine, Amphetamines and Cannabinoids01:24

CNS Stimulants: Cocaine, Amphetamines and Cannabinoids

1.4K
CNS stimulants, such as cocaine, amphetamines, and cannabinoids, have varying structures and mechanisms of action that lead to different therapeutic effects and side effects. Cocaine, with its molecular formula C17H21NO4, is a tropane alkaloid and a tertiary amino compound. It has two chemical forms: the hydrochloride salt and the "freebase." The former is in powder form, while the latter involves removing the hydrochloride salt to create a form that can be smoked. Cocaine exerts its...
1.4K
Substance Use Disorders Affecting Sleep01:24

Substance Use Disorders Affecting Sleep

570
Substance use disorders involve a pattern of using drugs more extensively than intended and continuing use despite harmful consequences. This includes legal substances like alcohol and nicotine, as well as illegal drugs. These disorders often involve both physical and psychological dependence, reflecting compulsive use of substances that significantly alter thoughts, feelings, and behaviors, contributing to a major public health issue.
Understanding the concepts of physical dependence,...
570

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Removing registration holds reduced alcohol prevention program completion without improving college student retention.

Frontiers in public health·2026
Same author

Day-level latent classes of alcohol and cannabis use motives: Associations by combined use, level of use, and consequences.

Psychology of addictive behaviors : journal of the Society of Psychologists in Addictive Behaviors·2026
Same author

Tri-use of alcohol, cannabis, and nicotine in daily life among young adults: A day-level comparison of substance use outcomes to dual-use and alcohol-only use occasions.

Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology·2026
Same author

High-intensity and blackout drinking impact on next-day cognitive functioning among college-attending young adults.

Alcohol, clinical & experimental research·2026
Same author

Heterogeneity of Within-Day Simultaneous Alcohol and Cannabis Use Behaviors Among Young Adults: A Multilevel Latent Class Analysis.

Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs·2026
Same author

Binegativity, Childhood Maltreatment, Impulsivity, and Risky Behaviors Among Heavy Drinking Bisexual Women.

Journal of bisexuality·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 15, 2026

A Prediction Error-driven Retrieval Procedure for Destabilizing and Rewriting Maladaptive Reward Memories in Hazardous Drinkers
08:05

A Prediction Error-driven Retrieval Procedure for Destabilizing and Rewriting Maladaptive Reward Memories in Hazardous Drinkers

Published on: January 5, 2018

10.3K

Testing a model of caffeinated alcohol-specific expectancies.

Ashley N Linden-Carmichael1, Cathy Lau-Barraco2, Amy L Stamates1

  • 1Old Dominion University, Mills Godwin Building, Norfolk, VA 23529-0267, USA.

Addictive Behaviors
|April 13, 2015
PubMed
Summary

Caffeinated alcoholic beverage (CAB) use is linked to alcohol-related problems, particularly when drinkers expect CABs to help avoid negative consequences. This belief reduces protective behaviors, increasing harm.

Keywords:
Caffeinated alcoholCollege studentsExpectanciesProtective behavioral strategiesRisky drinking

More Related Videos

Chronic Intermittent Ethanol Vapor Exposure Paired with Two-Bottle Choice to Model Alcohol Use Disorder
05:12

Chronic Intermittent Ethanol Vapor Exposure Paired with Two-Bottle Choice to Model Alcohol Use Disorder

Published on: June 23, 2023

1.8K
A Procedure to Observe Context-induced Renewal of Pavlovian-conditioned Alcohol-seeking Behavior in Rats
13:24

A Procedure to Observe Context-induced Renewal of Pavlovian-conditioned Alcohol-seeking Behavior in Rats

Published on: September 19, 2014

13.4K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Apr 15, 2026

A Prediction Error-driven Retrieval Procedure for Destabilizing and Rewriting Maladaptive Reward Memories in Hazardous Drinkers
08:05

A Prediction Error-driven Retrieval Procedure for Destabilizing and Rewriting Maladaptive Reward Memories in Hazardous Drinkers

Published on: January 5, 2018

10.3K
Chronic Intermittent Ethanol Vapor Exposure Paired with Two-Bottle Choice to Model Alcohol Use Disorder
05:12

Chronic Intermittent Ethanol Vapor Exposure Paired with Two-Bottle Choice to Model Alcohol Use Disorder

Published on: June 23, 2023

1.8K
A Procedure to Observe Context-induced Renewal of Pavlovian-conditioned Alcohol-seeking Behavior in Rats
13:24

A Procedure to Observe Context-induced Renewal of Pavlovian-conditioned Alcohol-seeking Behavior in Rats

Published on: September 19, 2014

13.4K

Area of Science:

  • Addiction research
  • Public health
  • Behavioral science

Background:

  • Caffeinated alcoholic beverages (CABs) are increasingly popular among college students.
  • Understanding the specific expectancies associated with CAB use is crucial for addressing alcohol-related risks.
  • Limited research exists on how CAB-specific expectancies influence protective behaviors and negative consequences.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between CAB use and alcohol-related risks.
  • To examine the mediating roles of CAB-specific expectancies (intoxication enhancement and avoidance of negative consequences) and protective behavioral strategies (PBS) in this relationship.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study involving 322 college student drinkers.
  • Self-report measures assessed typical CAB and alcohol use, CAB-specific expectancies, PBS use, and alcohol-related harms.
  • Structural equation modeling was used to analyze the data.

Main Results:

  • Heavier CAB use was associated with stronger expectancies of avoiding negative consequences through CAB consumption.
  • These expectancies, along with reduced PBS use, significantly mediated the link between CAB use and alcohol-related problems.
  • Expectancies related to intoxication enhancement did not show a mediating effect.

Conclusions:

  • Beliefs that CABs help avoid negative consequences are linked to decreased protective behaviors and increased alcohol-related harms.
  • These expectancies may represent a key mechanism driving negative outcomes associated with CAB use.
  • Incorporating interventions targeting these specific expectancies could be beneficial for preventing alcohol-related problems.