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Fine-tuning the Size and Minimizing the Noise of Solid-state Nanopores
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Active current gating in electrically biased conical nanopores.

Samuel Bearden1, Erik Simpanen, Guigen Zhang

  • 1Department of Bioengineering, Clemson University, 301 Rhodes Research Center, Clemson, SC 29634-0905, USA.

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|April 14, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

We electrically biased a gold/silicon nitride nanopore to control ionic current, demonstrating external modulation of nanopore behavior by manipulating the electrical double layer. This method offers direct control without chemical modifications.

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Area of Science:

  • Nanotechnology
  • Electrochemistry
  • Physical Chemistry

Background:

  • Nanopore devices are crucial for sensing and separation.
  • Controlling ionic transport through nanopores typically involves chemical modifications.
  • Electrical control offers a promising alternative for dynamic modulation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the electrical modulation and gating of ionic current in a gold/silicon nitride nanopore.
  • To demonstrate direct external control over nanopore conductance via electrical biasing.
  • To elucidate the role of the electrical double layer in nanopore current modulation.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of a gold/silicon nitride (Si3N4) nanopore device.
  • Applying electrical bias to the gold layer to modulate ionic current.
  • Utilizing a computational model of a conical nanopore to analyze electrical double layer effects.
  • Experimental testing with various salt solutions (KCl, NaCl, KI).

Main Results:

  • Observed significant modulation and gating of ionic current by electrically biasing the gold layer.
  • Experimental and computational results showed conductance is linearly proportional to applied bias in the conducting state.
  • Identified dynamic reorganization of the electrical double layer as the mechanism for gating behavior.
  • Demonstrated time-dependent current changes due to electrical double layer restructuring upon bias changes.

Conclusions:

  • Direct electrical biasing of the gold layer provides effective external control over nanopore ionic conductance.
  • The electrical double layer's dynamic reorganization is key to achieving nanopore gating.
  • This approach bypasses the need for chemical surface modifications for nanopore control.