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Depression after minor stroke: Prevalence and predictors.

YuZhi Shi1, YuTao Xiang2, Yang Yang1

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Nearly three in ten patients with minor stroke develop post-stroke depression (PSD). Female gender, smoking, cognitive impairment, and stroke recurrence are key predictors of PSD in this population.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Psychiatry
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Post-stroke depression (PSD) is a common complication following stroke.
  • While severe strokes are known predictors of PSD, the prevalence in minor stroke is less understood.
  • Minor stroke, characterized by mild neurological deficits, might be incorrectly assumed to have low PSD rates.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of PSD in patients experiencing their first minor ischemic stroke.
  • To identify predictors associated with the development of PSD in this patient group.
  • To differentiate predictors for early-onset versus late-onset PSD.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort of 757 patients with first-ever minor ischemic stroke was followed for one year.
  • Depression status was assessed at multiple follow-up points (14 days, 3, 6, and 12 months).
  • Patients were categorized into early-onset (diagnosed at 14 days) and late-onset (diagnosed later) PSD groups.

Main Results:

  • The 1-year prevalence of PSD was 29.0% in patients with minor stroke.
  • Independent predictors for PSD over the year included female gender, current smoking, mild global cognitive impairment at 14 days, and stroke recurrence.
  • Early-onset PSD was linked to female gender, smoking, and cognitive impairment; late-onset PSD was associated with smoking and stroke recurrence.

Conclusions:

  • Approximately 30% of patients with minor ischemic stroke may develop depression within the first year.
  • Identifying risk factors such as female gender, smoking, cognitive impairment, and stroke recurrence is crucial for predicting PSD.
  • These factors can help anticipate both early and late onset of post-stroke depression after minor ischemic events.