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The cadherins are a superfamily of cell adhesion molecules comprising over 180 variants, with specific tissues expressing a particular combination of cadherin types. Cadherins generally exhibit homophilic binding; i.e., cadherins on one cell bind to cadherins of the same or closely related type on another cell. Thus, cells of the same type have a specific affinity to bind to each other and sort themselves into clusters to form tissues.
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The cadherins were one of the first cell adhesion molecules discovered; the term “cadherins”   is based on their calcium-dependent adhering properties. The first cadherins discovered on the epithelial, neuronal, and placental cells were named E-cadherin, P-cadherin, and N-cadherin, respectively. These classical cadherins share sequence and structural similarities. Other cadherins, including those involved in cell signaling, are grouped into non-classical cadherins. This...
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The Notch signaling pathway is a major intracellular signaling pathway that is highly conserved over a broad spectrum of metazoan species. It stands unique from other intracellular signaling mechanisms in animals because notch protein itself acts as the receptor as well as the primary signaling molecule.
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Bead Aggregation Assays for the Characterization of Putative Cell Adhesion Molecules
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Protocadherins branch out: Multiple roles in dendrite development.

Austin B Keeler1, Michael J Molumby, Joshua A Weiner

  • 1a Department of Biology ; Neuroscience Graduate Program; University of Iowa ; Iowa City , IA USA.

Cell Adhesion & Migration
|April 15, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Protocadherins and atypical cadherins are crucial for proper neuron development. These cell adhesion molecules regulate dendrite formation and function, offering potential therapeutic targets for neurodevelopmental disorders.

Keywords:
CNR, Cadherin related neuronal receptorCTCF, CCCTC-binding factorCaMKII, Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II.Celsr, Cadherin EGF LAG 7-pass G-type receptor 1DSCAM, Down syndrome cell adhesion moleculeDnmt3b, DNA (cytosine-5-)-methyltransferase 3 βDs, DachsousEC, extracellular cadherinEGF, Epidermal growth factorFAK, Focal adhesion kinaseFMRP, Fragile X mental retardation proteinFj, Four jointedFjx1, Four jointed box 1GPCR, G-protein-coupled receptorGogo, Golden GoalLIM domain, Lin11, Isl-1 & Mec-3 domainMARCKS, Myristoylated alanine-rich C-kinase substrateMEF2, Myocyte enhancer factor 2MEK3, Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 3PCP, planar cell polarityPKC, Protein kinase CPSD, Post-synaptic densityPYK2, Protein tyrosine kinase 2PcdhPcdh, ProtocadherinRGC, Retinal ganglion cellRNAi, RNA interferenceRac1, Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1S2 cells, Schneider 2 cellsSAC, starburst amacrine cellTAF1, Template-activating factor 1TAO2β, Thousand and one amino acid protein kinase 2 βTM, transmembranearborizationatypical cadherinbranchingcadherin superfamilycell adhesionda neuron, dendritic arborization neurondendriticdendritic spinedendritogenesisfmi, Flamingomd neuron, multiple dendrite neuronneural circuit formationp38 MAPK, p38 mitogen-activated protein kinaseself avoidancesynaptogenesis

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Molecular Biology
  • Developmental Biology

Background:

  • Proper dendritic arbor formation is essential for neural circuit development.
  • Defects in dendrite arborization are linked to neurodevelopmental disorders.
  • Cell adhesion molecules, particularly cadherins, are implicated in neural development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the roles of protocadherins (Pcdhs) and atypical cadherins in dendritogenesis.
  • To highlight their involvement in dendrite arborization and dendritic spine regulation.
  • To discuss their potential as therapeutic targets for neurodevelopmental disorders.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of published studies on Pcdhs and atypical cadherins.
  • Analysis of research focusing on dendrite development and function.
  • Synthesis of findings related to cadherin superfamily members in neurodevelopment.

Main Results:

  • Pcdhs and atypical cadherins play significant roles in dendrite development.
  • These molecules regulate key processes like dendrite arborization and spine formation.
  • Evidence suggests their involvement across various stages of dendrite maturation.

Conclusions:

  • Protocadherins and atypical cadherins are key regulators of dendrite development and function.
  • Dysregulation of these cadherins may contribute to neurodevelopmental disorders.
  • Targeting cadherin superfamily members offers potential therapeutic avenues for neurological conditions.