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Primary Active Transport

Primary Active Transport

In contrast to passive transport, active transport involves a substance being moved through membranes in a direction against its concentration or electrochemical gradient. There are two types of active transport: primary active transport and secondary active transport. Primary active transport utilizes chemical energy from ATP to drive protein pumps embedded in the cell membrane. With energy from ATP, the pumps transport ions against their electrochemical gradients—a direction they would...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 15, 2026

Identification of Small Molecule-binding Proteins in a Native Cellular Environment by Live-cell Photoaffinity Labeling

Identification of Small Molecule-binding Proteins in a Native Cellular Environment by Live-cell Photoaffinity Labeling

Published on: September 20, 2016

Thinking big with small molecules.

Karen Mruk¹, James K Chen²

¹Department of Chemical and Systems Biology and Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305 Department of Chemical and Systems Biology and Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305.

The Journal of Cell Biology

|April 15, 2015

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Synthetic chemistry advances cell biology research by providing new molecular probes. This shift enables a systems-level understanding of cellular functions beyond the "one compound, one gene" approach.

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Area of Science:

Synthetic chemistry
Chemical biology
Cell biology

Background:

Synthetic chemistry provides powerful tools for biological investigation.
Understanding complex cellular functions requires advanced methodologies.
Traditional approaches often focus on single targets.

Purpose of the Study:

To discuss the evolution of molecular probes in cell biology.
To highlight the shift towards integrated approaches.
To showcase how chemical technologies offer systems-level views.

Main Methods:

Review of molecular probes developed through synthetic chemistry.
Analysis of the impact of these probes on cell biology research.
Discussion of the transition from "one compound, one gene" to integrated methods.

Main Results:

Synthetic chemistry has expanded the scope of cell biology.
New molecular probes enable exploration of complex biological questions.
Chemical technologies facilitate systems-level analysis of cellular function.

Conclusions:

The development of molecular probes is transforming cell biology.
Integrated approaches using chemical tools offer deeper insights.
Synthetic chemistry is crucial for advancing systems biology.