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Utilizing cardiac biomarkers to detect and prevent chemotherapy-induced cardiomyopathy

Dhssraj Singh1, Akanksha Thakur, W H Wilson Tang

  • 1Kaufman Center for Heart Failure, Heart and Vascular Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Avenue, J3-4, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA.

Current Heart Failure Reports
|April 15, 2015
PubMed

Insights

Cancer therapies can harm the heart, causing cardiotoxicity. This review explores using cardiac biomarkers like troponin and B-type natriuretic peptide to monitor and manage chemotherapy-induced heart damage.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Oncology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Cancer therapy advances are limited by cardiotoxicity, leading to significant patient morbidity and mortality.
  • Surveillance protocols and preventative treatments are crucial for managing cardiotoxicity in cancer patients.
  • Cardiac biomarkers are vital for diagnosing and predicting outcomes in various cardiac conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the application of cardiac biomarkers in patients undergoing chemotherapy.
  • To highlight the role of specific biomarkers such as troponin, B-type natriuretic peptide, and myeloperoxidase.
  • To discuss therapeutic strategies including dexrazoxane, ACE inhibitors, and beta-blockers for chemotherapy-induced cardiotoxicity.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on studies investigating cardiac biomarkers and cardiotoxicity in cancer patients.
  • Analysis of data supporting the use of troponin, B-type natriuretic peptide, and myeloperoxidase.
  • Examination of evidence for pharmacological interventions like dexrazoxane, ACE inhibitors, and beta-blockers.

Main Results:

  • Cardiac biomarkers demonstrate diagnostic and prognostic value in chemotherapy-induced cardiotoxicity.
  • Specific biomarkers like troponin and B-type natriuretic peptide can identify high-risk patients.
  • Pharmacological agents show potential in treating and preventing cardiotoxicity.

Conclusions:

  • Cardiac biomarkers are essential tools for risk stratification in patients receiving chemotherapy.
  • Biomarker-guided management can optimize the use of cardiotoxicity-preventing medications.
  • Further research can refine the role of biomarkers in personalized cancer therapy.

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