Computerized forensic facial reconstruction : A review of current systems

Forensic investigations frequently utilize facial reconstructions/approximations to stimulate recognition and identification. Over the past 25 years, many computer-based systems have been developed, and with the recent rapid advances in medical imaging and computer technology, the current systems claim high levels of efficiency, objectivity, and flexibility. The history of computerized facial approximation/reconstruction is presented, along with a discussion of the advantages and disadvantages of the technologies. Evaluation of the accuracy and reproducibility of these new systems is critical for the future of computerized facial reconstruction/approximation to become accepted by the wider forensic science field. In addition, constant re-evaluation and assessment will promote further improvement and increase reliability.