Related Experiment Video
Updated: Apr 15, 2026

Cooling an Optically Trapped Ultracold Fermi Gas by Periodical Driving
Published on: March 30, 2017
Condition for emergence of the Floquet-Gibbs state in periodically driven open systems
Tatsuhiko Shirai1, Takashi Mori1, Seiji Miyashita1
1Department of Physics, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan.
Abstract:
We study probability distribution of a steady state of a periodically driven system coupled to a thermal bath by using a quantum master equation in the weak-coupling limit. It is proved that, even when the external field is strong, the probability distribution is independent of the detailed nature of the thermal bath under the following conditions: (i) the Hamiltonian of the relevant system is bounded and the period of the driving field is short, (ii) the Hamiltonians for the driving field at different times commute, and (iii) the Hamiltonians of the driving field and of the interaction between the relevant system and the thermal bath commute. It is shown that the steady state is described by the Gibbs distribution of the Floquet states of the relevant system at the temperature of the thermal bath.
Related Concept Videos
BIBO stability of continuous and discrete -time systems
To determine the BIBO stability, the convolution integral is utilized when a bounded continuous-time input is applied to a Linear Time-Invariant (LTI) system....
Path Between Thermodynamics States
Entropy Change in Reversible Processes
The statement can be further generalized to prove that entropy is a state function. Take a cyclic process between any two points on a p-V diagram.
The Entropy as a State Function
Gibbs Free Energy
Free Energy Changes for Nonstandard States

