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Standing Waves in a Cavity

Standing Waves in a Cavity

A household microwave and lasers are examples of standing electromagnetic waves in a cavity. When two conducting metal plates are placed parallel at the nodal planes, it creates a cavity where standing waves are formed. The cavity between the two planes is analogous to a stretched string held at the points x = 0 and x = L. Here, the distance 'L' between the two planes must be an integer multiple of half of the wavelength. The wavelengths that satisfy this condition are given by:

Propagation of Waves

Propagation of Waves

When a wave propagates from one medium to another, part of it may get reflected in the first medium, and part of it may get transmitted to the second medium. In such a case, the interface of the two mediums can be considered as a boundary that is neither fixed nor free.
Consider a scenario where a wave propagates from a string of low linear mass density to a string of high linear mass density. In such a case, the reflected wave is out of phase with respect to the incident wave, however the...

Standing Electromagnetic Waves

Standing Electromagnetic Waves

Electromagnetic waves can be reflected; the surface of a conductor or a dielectric can act as a reflector. As electric and magnetic fields obey the superposition principle, so do electromagnetic waves. The superposition of an incident wave and a reflected electromagnetic wave produces a standing wave analogous to the standing waves created on a stretched string.
Suppose a sheet of a perfect conductor is placed in the yz-plane, and a linearly polarized electromagnetic wave traveling in the...

$Interference and Diffraction$ 02:18

Interference and Diffraction

Interference is a characteristic phenomenon exhibited by waves. When two electromagnetic waves interact with their peaks and troughs coinciding, a resulting wave with enhanced amplitude is produced. This is known as constructive interference. In this case, the two waves interacting are in phase with each other.

Interference and Superposition of Waves

Interference and Superposition of Waves

When two waves of the same nature occur in the same region simultaneously, they result in interference. Interference of waves implies that the net effect of the waves is the sum of the individual waves' effects. However, it does not imply that the individual waves affect the propagation of other waves.
Interference occurs in mechanical waves, such as sound waves, waves on a string, and surface water waves. Mechanical waves correspond to the physical displacement of particles. Hence,...

Propagation Speed of Electromagnetic Waves

Propagation Speed of Electromagnetic Waves

Electromagnetic waves are consistent with Ampere's law. Assuming there is no conduction current Ampere's law is given as:

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Updated: Apr 15, 2026

Determination of the Excitation and Coupling Rates Between Light Emitters and Surface Plasmon Polaritons

Determination of the Excitation and Coupling Rates Between Light Emitters and Surface Plasmon Polaritons

Published on: July 21, 2018

Smooth bridge between guided waves and spoof surface plasmon polaritons.

Liangliang Liu, Zhuo Li, Changqing Gu

|April 15, 2015

Summary

Researchers created a novel plasmonic waveguide bridge for efficient broadband mode conversion between guided waves and spoof surface plasmon polaritons. This innovation facilitates integrating conventional microwave or terahertz devices with plasmonic circuits.

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Fabrication And Characterization Of Photonic Crystal Slow Light Waveguides And Cavities

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Last Updated: Apr 15, 2026

Determination of the Excitation and Coupling Rates Between Light Emitters and Surface Plasmon Polaritons

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Published on: July 21, 2018

Stimulated Stokes and Antistokes Raman Scattering in Microspherical Whispering Gallery Mode Resonators

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Published on: April 4, 2016

Fabrication And Characterization Of Photonic Crystal Slow Light Waveguides And Cavities

Fabrication And Characterization Of Photonic Crystal Slow Light Waveguides And Cavities

Published on: November 30, 2012

Area of Science:

Physics
Electrical Engineering
Materials Science

Background:

Conventional waveguides face limitations in miniaturization and high-frequency applications.
Spoof surface plasmon polaritons (SSPPs) offer subwavelength confinement but require efficient excitation methods.
Integrating microwave/terahertz devices with plasmonic circuits demands effective mode converters.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a broadband, high-efficiency mode converter between coaxial waveguides and plasmonic waveguides.
To design a novel 'bridge' structure enabling seamless transition for spoof surface plasmon polaritons (SSPPs).
To demonstrate the practical applicability of the proposed structure in device integration.

Main Methods:

Fabrication of a transition structure comprising a flaring coaxial waveguide and a metal wire with subwavelength gradient radial grooves.
Numerical simulations to model electromagnetic wave propagation and mode conversion.
Experimental validation using transmission and reflection coefficient measurements.

Main Results:

Achieved high-efficiency broadband mode conversion from conventional guided waves to SSPPs.
Demonstrated excellent agreement between simulated and experimental results for transmission and reflection coefficients.
The proposed 'bridge' structure effectively facilitates the transition between waveguide types.

Conclusions:

The developed 'bridge' structure provides an efficient and broadband solution for mode conversion.
The design is readily extendable to different frequency bands.
Potential applications include the integration of conventional microwave and terahertz components with plasmonic circuits.